Abstract
The two talks I shall present here will in a way be almost the same one, the second time given in reverse order. In the first one—called random dynamics—I shall present a project which I and others have worked on for several years.1,2 We seek to derive the already known laws of nature as a result of almost any very complicated fundamental model. In the second talk we look at the Standard Model—especially the structure of the gauge group—and, inspired by that, seek to get information on the fundamental laws of nature at a deeper level. I, of course, want to be able to say that nature points in the direction of a random rather chaotic fundamental model, and thus the second talk becomes number one in reverse order. A major prediction3,4—which I want to stress we made before the LEP experiments confirmed it—is that there should be only three generations of quarks and leptons!
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References
H. B. Nielsen: “Dual strings” (see section on Catastrophe Theory), in Fundamentals of Quark Models, Proc. of the XVII Scottish Univ. Summer School in Phys., St. Andrews, 1976 (I. M. Barbour and A. T. Davies, eds.), Univ. of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland (1976), pp. 528–543.
H. B. Nielsen, D. Bennett, and N. Brene, in Recent Developments in Quantum Field Theory, Proc. of the Niels Bohr Centennial Conf., Copenhagen 1985 (J. Ambjørn, B. J. Durhuus, and J. L. Petersen, eds.), North Holland, Amsterdam (1985), and references therein.
D. Bennett, H. B. Nielsen, and I. Picek, Phys. Lett. 208B, 275 (1988).
D. Bennett, H. B. Nielsen, and I. Picek, “Number of generations related to coupling constants by confusion,” talk presented by H. B. Nielsen at the XX Int. Symp. on the Theory of Elementary Particles, Ahrenshoop, 13-17 Oct. 1986, or NBI-preprint NBI-HE-87-04.
W. Heisenberg: Introduction to the Unified Field Theory of Elementary Particles, London, Interscience (1966). Translated from Einführung in die einheitliche Felttheorie der Elementarteilchen, Hirch, Stuttgart (1966). A later article on the subject is H. P. Dürr, Heisenbergs einheitliche Feldtheorie der Elementarteilchen, in Heisenberg Gedenkenbuch 1981, Deutsche Akad. der Naturforscher, Leopoldina.
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L. Susskind, “What are the possibilities for extending our understanding of elementary particles and their interactions to much greater energies?” in, Proc. of the XVIII Solvay Conf. on Physics at the Univ. of Texas, Austin, Texas, U.S.A., Nov. 1982 (L. Van Hove, ed.), Phys. Rep. C104, 181 (1984).
H. B. Nielsen and N. Brene, in Proc. of the XVIII Int. Symp., Ahrenshoop, Inst. f. Hochenergiephysik, Akad. der Wissenschaften der DDR, Berlin-Zeuthen 1985.
D. Bennett and H. B. Nielsen: “The three Yang-Mills coupling constants from Planck scale criticality and a maximal entropy principle,” (in preparation).
H. B. Nielsen and N. Brene, Phys. Lett. B223, 399 (1989); H. B. Nielsen and N. Brene, in “The Gardener of Eden”, Physicalia Mag. 12 (Suppl.) special issue in honour of R. Brout’s 60th birthday (P. Nicoletopoulos and J. Orloff, eds.), Gent, Belgium (1990).
H. B. Nielsen, Acta Phys. Polon. B20, 427 (1989).
C. Jarlskog, Spåtind Conf. 1988 (unpubl.); see for example Phys. Rev. D36, 2128–2136 (1987).
L. O’Raifeartaigh: Group Structure of Gauge Theories, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge (1986); L. Michel: “Invariance in Quantum Mechanics, Group Theoretical Concepts and Methods in Elementary Particle Physics,” Lectures at the Istanbul Summer School of Phys., July 16-Aug. 4, 1962 (Feza Gürsey, ed.), Middle East Technical Univ., Ankara, Turkey, Gordon & Breach, New York (1964).
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Nielsen, H.B. (1992). Random Dynamics, Three Generations, and Skewness. In: Teitelboim, C., Zanelli, J. (eds) Quantum Mechanics of Fundamental Systems 3. Series of the Centro de Estudios Científicos de Santiago. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3374-0_9
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