Abstract
One of the most characteristic features of a plant cell is the existence of plastids representing a whole family of interrelated organelles (Kirk & Tilney-Bassett, 1978). Meristematic cells contain small undiffe-rentiated plastids or proplastids, which have little internal structure apart from a few flattened sacs which occasionally have continuity with the inner envelope. They ensure the continuance of plastids within a species from generation to generation and are capable of considerable structural and metabolic transformations which give rise to more mature plastids. During root cell differentiation, proplastids develop mostly into amyloplasts, which are storage plastids containing large starch grains. During leaf cell differentiation in the presence of light, proplastids develop into chloroplasts, which are the site of photosynthesis, but in the absence of light, they develop into etioplasts, containing a crystal-like structure called the prolamellar body. Etioplasts can then be transformed into chloroplasts upon illumination. Carotenoid-rich plastids, or chromoplasts, can develop from proplastids or chloroplasts during flower development, fruit ripening or senescence. Therefore, plastid differentiation within plant cells is both light- and tissue-specific, and mechanisms should exist that control nuclear and plastid gene expression.
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© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media New York
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Joyard, J., Block, M.A., Pineau, B., Douce, R. (1992). Pigments of the Plastid Envelope Membranes. In: Argyroudi-Akoyunoglou, J.H. (eds) Regulation of Chloroplast Biogenesis. Nato ASI Series, vol 226. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3366-5_23
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3366-5_23
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