Abstract
Reduced organic matter occurs in intimate association with many types of metalliferous ore deposits. The Kupferschiefer, an extensive Middle Permian Cu-Pb-Zn-S horizon in Europe, is a bituminous shale. Bitumens and liquid petroleum frequently occur in Mississippi Valley-type Pb-Zn-S deposits, or in the geologically similar Illinois Fluorite District. In the South African Witswatersrand, gold and uraninite (UO2) occur within the “Carbon Leader.” Pyrobitumens are present in hydrothermal vein systems, such as the Ag-Ni-Co deposits at Kongsberg, Norway. “Hydrocarbon fronts” are considered by some exploration geologists to be an essential feature of Carlin-type, “no see-um,” disseminated gold deposits.
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Gize, A.P., Manning, D.A.C. (1993). Aspects of the Organic Geochemistry and Petrology of Metalliferous Ores. In: Engel, M.H., Macko, S.A. (eds) Organic Geochemistry. Topics in Geobiology, vol 11. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2890-6_26
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