Abstract
In a number of occasions, one is interested in characterizing and understanding the behavior of heterogeneous materials on a scale much larger than that of the elementary constituents. When the local behavior is linear (elasticity, conductivity, permeability, …) the macroscopic behavior will also be linear, and with very few restrictions, the macroscopic properties will converge under coarse graining toward a well defined limit, justifying the powerful concept of equivalent homogeneous medium. However, when the local properties are non-linear, it may happen that the macroscopic behavior will be controlled by the heterogeneities of the medium at all scales. This turns out to be the case for instance in brittle fracture. Other examples may also be found in various frameworks: critical currents in disordered superconductors, clogging of porous filters by deposition of particles in pores, flow of threshold fluids in a porous medium, plastic behavior of heterogeneous solids, etc … In many a case, it is possible to distinguish different regimes for the local behavior, and thus different “phases”, and the geometrical arrangement of these phases produces naturally patterns which reveal some information about the development of the structure, and thus the complex interactions at play at the local scale.
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Roux, S. (1993). Growth Patterns in Fracture. In: Garcia-Ruiz, J.M., Louis, E., Meakin, P., Sander, L.M. (eds) Growth Patterns in Physical Sciences and Biology. NATO ASI Series, vol 304. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2852-4_31
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