Abstract
Several observations indicate taht the affinity/avidity of integrin receptors for their ligands can be modulated. Resting leukocytes or platelets do not adhere spontaneously, but a variety of stimuli can induce β1- (VLA-4, VLA-5, VLA-6), β2- (LFA-1, CR3) and β3 integrin (IIb/IIIa) mediated cell-cell interactions. Exposure of lymphocytes, myeloid cells or platelets to phorbol ester (PMA) strongly includes cell aggregation (Rothlein and Springer, 1986; Patarroyo et al., 1985). Similarly, FMLP can stimulate CR3-mediated adhesion of granulocytes to endothelial celss (Buyon et al., 1988; Vedder and Harlan, 1988) and activation of platelets by thrombin or ADP causes IIb/IIIa mediated aggregation (Marguerie et al., 1979). A prominent characteristic in all these observations is that adhesion is induced without an apparent increase in receptor expression. This suggests that changes in the avidity (for instance by alteration of the organization of the adhesion receptors at the cell surface), directly affect cell adhesion. Second messengers play a pivotal role in integrin activation, although at present the precise intracellular circuits that regulate integrin mediated cell adhesion are not completely understood.
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Abbreviations
- ADP :
-
Adenosine diphosphate;
- CTL :
-
Cytotoxic T Lymphocyte(s);
- dPBS :
-
Depleted Phosphate-buffered saline;
- EC :
-
Endothelial Cells;
- EDTA :
-
Ethylenedi-aminetetraacetic Acid;
- EGTA :
-
ethyleneglycol-bis-β-aminoethyl ether)-N,N,N′,N′-tetra-acetic acid;
- FMLP :
-
formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine;
- LAD :
-
Leukocyte Adhesion Deficiency;
- mAb :
-
Monoclonal Antibody;
- MHC :
-
Major Histocompatibility Complex;
- NK :
-
Natural Killer;
- PKC :
-
Protein Kinase C;
- PMA :
-
Phorbol Myristate Acetate
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© 1993 Plenum Press, New York
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Figdor, C.G., van Kooyk, Y. (1993). Activation of Lfa-1: The L16 Epitope is a Cation-Binding Reporter. In: Hemler, M.E., Mihich, E. (eds) Cell Adhesion Molecules. Pezcoller Foundation Symposia, vol 4. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2830-2_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2830-2_12
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