Skip to main content

From Prey via Endosymbiont to Plastid: Comparative Studies in Dinoflagellates

  • Chapter
Origins of Plastids

Abstract

“The dinoflagellates are, in biological respect, perhaps the most versatile and most fascinating class of flagellates. Some of them are absolutely animal-like, others completely plant-like, i.e., alga-like, and there are transitions and mixed nutritional strategies. The Dinophyceae would presumably give examples to all questions which are treated in this book, provided the knowledge of them would be better.” (Pringsheim 1963). Knowledge of dinoflagellates has increased considerably in the last years. They now seem to be extremely useful model organisms for investigating symbiogenesis and the origin of plastids.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Cavalier-Smith, T. 1986. The kingdom Chromista: origin and systematics. Prog. Phycol. Res. 4:309–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chesnick, J.M. and E.R. Cox. 1989. Fertilization and zygote development in the binucleate dinoflagellate Peridinium balticum (Pyrrhophyta). Am. J. Bot. 76:1060–1072.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Clark, K.B., K.R. Jensen, and H.M. Stirts. 1990. Survey for functional kleptoplasty among West Atlantic Ascoglossa (Sacoglossa) (Mollusca: Opisthobranchia). Veliger 33:339–345.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, J.D. 1971. A dinoflagellate with both a mesocaryotic and a eucaryotic nucleus. I. Fine structure of the nuclei. Protoplasma 73:145–157.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, J.D. 1975. A survey of chloroplast ultrastructure in the Dinophyceae. Phycologia 14:253–263.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, J.D. 1983. A re-examination of the relationship between unicellular host and eukaryotic endosymbiont with special reference to Glenodinium foliaceum Dinophyceae. p. 1015–1026. In: Endocytobiology II, U.E.A. Schenk and W. Schwemmler (eds.). De Gruyter, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dodge, J.D. and R.M. Crawford. 1969. Observations on the fine structure of the eye spot and associated organelles in the dinoflagellate Glenodinium foliaceum. J. Cell Sci. 5:479–493.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Elbrächter, M. 1988. Phototrophic symbionts of dinophysoid dinoflagellates. In: NATO ASI Workshop,Plymouth,July/Aug. 1988, Book of Abstracts,P.H. Burkhill and P.C. Reid (eds.).

    Google Scholar 

  • Eschbach, S., V. Speth, P. Hansmann, and P. Sine. 1990. Freeze-fracture study of the single membrane between host cell and endocytobiont in the dinoflagellates Glenodinium foliaceum and Peridinium balticum. J. Phycol. 26:324–32S.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, M.A. and K.R. Roberts. 1990a. Organelle loss in the endosymbiont of Gymnodinium acidotum (Dinophyceae). Protoplasma 153:178–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farmer, M.A. and K.R. Roberts. 1990b. Comparative analysis of the dinoflagellate flagellar apparatus. IV. Gymnodinium acidotum. J. Phycol. 26:122–131.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gaines, G. and N. Elbrächter. 1987. Heterotrophic nutrition. p. 224–268. In: The Biology of Dinoflagellates, F.J.R. Taylor (ed.). Botan. Monographs 21. Blackwell, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Geider, R.J. and P.A. Gunter. 1989. Evidence for the presence of phycoerythrin in Dinophysis norvegica, a pink dinoflagellate. Br. phycol. J. 24:195–198.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, S.P. 1978. The chloroplasts of Euglena may have evolved from symbiotic green algae. Can. J. Bot. 56:2883–2889.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, S.P. 1981. The chloroplast endoplasmic reticulum: Structure, function, and evolutionary significance. Int. Rev. Cytol. 72:49–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gibbs, S.P. 1990. The evolution of algal chloroplasts. p. 145–157. In: Exp. Phycol. 1. Cell Walls and Surfaces, Reproduction, Photosynthesis, W. Wiessner, D.G. Robinson, and R.C. Starr (eds.). Springer, Berlin.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Hallegraeff, G.N. and S.W. Jeffrey. 1984. Tropical phytoplankton species and pigments of continental shelf waters of North and North-West Australia. Marine Ecology-Progress Series 20:59–74.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hallegraeff, G.M. and I.A.N. Lucas. 1988. The marine dinoflagellate genus Dinophysis (Dinophyceae): Photosynthetic, neritic and non-photosynthetic, oceanic species. Phycologia 27:25–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffrey, S.W., N. Sielicki, and F.T. Haxo. 1975. Chloroplast pigment patterns in dinoflagellates. J. Phycol. 11:374–384.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jeffrey, S.W. and N. Vesk. 1976. Further evidence for a membrane-bound endosymbiont within the dinoflagellate Peridinium foliaceum. J. Phycol. 12:450–455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kite, G.C. and J.D. Dodge. 1988. Cell and chloroplast ultrastructure in Gyrodinium aureolum and Gymnodinium galatheanuni. Two marine dinoflagellates containing an unusual carotenoid. Sarsia 73:131–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsen, J. 1988. An ultrastructural study of Amphidinium poecilochroum (Dinophyceae), a phagotrophic dinoflagellate feeding on small species of cryptophytes. Phycologia 27:366–377.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lefort-Tran, M., M. Pouphile, G. Freyssinet, and B. Pineau. 1980. Signification structurale et fonctionnelle des enveloppes chloroplastidiques d’Euglena. Etude immunocytologique et en cryofracture. J. Ultrastr. Res. 73:44–63.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lucas, I.A.N. and M. Vesk. 1990. The fine structure of two photosynthetic species of Dinophysis (Dinophysiales, Dinophyceae). J. Phycol. 26:345–357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mandelli, E.F. 1968. Carotenoid pigments of the dinoflagellate Glenodinium foliaceum Stein. J. Phycol. 4:347–348.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Patterson. D.J. and M. Dürrschmidt. 1987. Selective retention of chloroplasts by algivorous Heliozoa: Fortuitous chloroplast symbiosis? Eur. J. Protistol. 23:51–55.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perasso, R., A. Baroin, and A. Adoutte. 1990. The emergence of eukaryotic algae within the protists: A molecular phylogeny based on ribosomal RNA sequencing. p. 1–19. In: Experimental Phycology 1. Cell walls and Surfaces, Reproduction, Photosynthesis, W. Wiessner, D.G. Robinson, and R.C. Starr (eds.). Springer, Berlin.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Perasso, R., A. Baroin, L.H. Qu, J.P. Bachellerie, and A. Adoutte. 1989. Origin of the algae. Nature 339:142–144.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Preisig, H.R. 1979. Vergleichende Studien an Algenpopulationen in Kiesgrubenweihern. Diss. Univ. Zürich.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pringsheim, E.G. 1963. Farblose Algen. Ein Beitrag zur Evolutionsforschung. Fischer, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schiller, J. 1933. Dinoflagellatae (Peridineae). J. Teil. L. 30 Rabenhorst, Kryptogamen-Flora von Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz, 2. Aufl., Bd. 10, R. Kolkwitz (ed.). Akad. Verlagsgesellschaft, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schilling, A.J. 1891. Untersuchungen über die tierische Lebensweise einiger Peridineen. Ber. Dtsch. Bot. Ges. 9:199–208.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnepf, E. and M. Elbrächter. 1988. Cryptophycean-like double-membrane bounded chloroplast in the dinoflagellate, Dinophysis Ehrenb: evolutionary, phylogenetic and toxicological implications. Bot. Acta 101:196–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schnepf, E. and M. Elbrächter. 1992. Nutritional strategies in dinoflagellates. A review with emphasis on cell biological aspects. Europ. J. Protistol 28:3–24.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schnepf, E., S. Winter, and D. Mollenhauer. 1989. Gymnodinium aeruginosum (Dinophyta): A blue-green dinoflagellate with a vestigial, anucleate, cryptophycean endosymbiont. PL Syst. Evol. 164:75–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Spector, D. 1984. Dinoflagellate nuclei. p. 107–147. In: Dinoflagellates, D. Spector (ed.). Academic Press, Orlando.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Spero, H. 1982. Phagotrophy in Gymnodinium fungiforme (Pyrrhophyta): The peduncle as an organelle of ingestion. J. Phycol. 18:356–360.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stoecker, D.K. 1992. Chloroplast-retention in ciliated protozoa. p. 9–26. In: Prochlorophytes, Symbiogenesis and the Origins of Chloroplasts, R.A. Lewin (ed.). Chapman & Hall, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sweeney, B.M. 1976. Pedinomonas noctilucae (Prasinophyceae), the flagellate symbiotic in Noctiluca (Dinophyceae) in Southeast Asia. J. Phycol. 12:460–464.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sweeney, B.M. 1981. Freeze-fractured chloroplast membranes of Gonyaulax polyedra (Pyrrophyta). J. Phycol. 17:95–101.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tangen, K. and T. Bjornland. 1981. Observations on pigments and morphology of Gyrodinium aureolum Hulburt, a marine dinoflagellate containing 19’hexanoyloxyfucoxanthin as the main carotenoid. J. Plankton Res. 3:389–401.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tippit, D.H. and J.D. Pickett-Heaps. 1976. Apparent amitosis in the binucleate dinoflagellate Peridinium balticum. J. Cell Sci. 21:273–289.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tomas, R.N. and E.R. Cox. 1973. Observations on the symbiosis of Peridinium balticum and its intracellular alga. I. Ultrastructure. J. Phycol. 9:304–323.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomas, R.N., E.R. Cox, and K.A. Steidinger. 1973. Peridinium balticum (Levander) Lemmermann, an unusual dinoflagellate with a mesocaryotic and an eucaryotic nucleus. J. Phycol. 9:91–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trench, R.K., R.W. Greene, and B.G. Bystrom. 1969. Chloroplasts as functional organelles in animal tissues. J. Cell BioL 42:404–417.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tuttle, R.C. and A.R. Loeblich III. 1975. An optimal growth medium for the dinoflagellate Crypthecodinium cohnii. Phycologia 14:1–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, N.M., T. Sasa, S. Suda, I. Inouye, and S. Takaichi. 1991. Major carotenoid composition of an endosymbiont in a green dinoflagellate, Lepidodinium viride. J. Phycol. 27, Suppl: 75.

    Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, M.M., S. Suda, I. Inouye, T. Sawaguchi, and M. Chihara. 1990. Lepidodinium virile gen. et sp. nov. (Gymnodiniales, Dinophyta), a green dinoflagellate with a chlorophyll a-and b-containing endosymbiont. J. PhycoL 26:741–751.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watanabe, M.M., Y. Takeda, T. Sasa, I. Inouye, S. Suda, T. Sawaguchi, and M. Chihara. 1987. A green dinoflagellate with chlorophylls a and b. Morphology, fine structure of the chloroplast and chlorophyll composition. J. PhycoL 23:382–389.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wilcox, L.W. and G.J. Wedemayer. 1984. Gymnodinium acidotum Nygaard (Pyrrhophyta), a dinoflagellate with an endosymbiontic cryptomonad. J. Phycol. 20:236–242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilcox, L.W. and G.J. Wedemayer. 1985. Dinoflagellate with blue-green chloroplasts derived from an endosymbiotic eukaryote. Science 227:192–194.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Withers, N.W., E.R. Cox, R. Tomas, and F.T. Haxo. 1977. Pigments of the dinoflagellate Peridinium balticum and its photosynthetic endosymbiont. J. Phycol. 13:354–358.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Woloszynska, J. 1925. Notatki algologiczne (Algologische Notizen). 1. Amphidinium wigrense n. sp. 2. Peridinium p. Spraw Stacji. Hydrobiol.na Wigrach 1:1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zaika, V.E. and U.U. Malinoźka. 1986. Symbioz cyanobakteryy s dinoflagelljatami Dinophysiales. Dokl. A.N. USSR Ser. b, 12:67–69. (in Russian)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1992 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schnepf, E. (1992). From Prey via Endosymbiont to Plastid: Comparative Studies in Dinoflagellates. In: Lewin, R.A. (eds) Origins of Plastids. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2818-0_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2818-0_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-6218-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-2818-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics