Abstract
In 1966, David Gall reported that although there was a great diversity among the commonly recognized adjuvants, they appeared to possess some common properties. These were the ability to bind proteins, cause local reactions at the site of injection, and interact with cell membranes. Thus, the adjuvants appeared to be surface-active substances as demonstrated by hemolysis of sheep red blood cells. Examples cited included alum precipitates, Freund’s adjuvant, saponin, and hexadecylamine. Indeed, he discovered that a number of long-chain alkyl amines were adjuvant active. However, their local toxicity made them unacceptable for use in human vaccines.
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Penney, C. (1995). Stearyl Tyrosine. In: Powell, M.F., Newman, M.J. (eds) Vaccine Design. Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, vol 6. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1823-5_26
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1823-5_26
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