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Prolactin pp 81–99Cite as

Prolactinomas

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Part of the Endocrine Updates book series (ENDO,volume 12)

Abstract

Prolactinomas are the most common of the hormone-secreting tumors of the pituitary. There are many causes of hyperprolactinemia which must be excluded and an imaging procedure such as MRI or CT is necessary to demonstrate the size and anatomy of the tumor. Dopamine agonist therapy constitutes the primary treatment for prolactinomas, being effective in shrinking tumors as well as normalizing PRL levels. The most effective and best tolerated dopamine agonist is cabergoline, at present. Transsphenoidal surgery is reserved for tumors not responding to dopamine agonists and radiotherapy is rarely done. Because of its established safety profile for the developing fetus, bromocriptine is the preferred dopamine agonist to use to facilitate ovulation and pregnancy. During pregnancy, close to one-quarter of macroprolactinomas can be expected to enlarge significantly while less than 2% of microprolactinomas do so. Tumor enlargement during pregnancy usually responds readily to reinstitution of the dopamine agonist.

Keywords

  • Pituitary Adenoma
  • Dopamine Agonist
  • Transsphenoidal Surgery
  • Pituitary Tumor Transforming Gene
  • Tumor Size Reduction

These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Endocrinology, Metabolism and Nutrition, Northwestern University Medical School Chicago, IL, USA

    Mark E. Molitch

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  1. Mark E. Molitch
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  1. University of Cincinnati, USA

    Nelson D. Horseman

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Molitch, M.E. (2001). Prolactinomas. In: Horseman, N.D. (eds) Prolactin. Endocrine Updates, vol 12. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1683-5_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1683-5_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

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