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Thyroid Eye Disease pp 1–20Cite as

Orbital Autoantigens

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Part of the book series: Endocrine Updates ((ENDO,volume 14))

Abstract

It is now fully accepted that Graves’ ophthalmopathy is an orbital autoimmune disease closely related to Graves’ disease and, less commonly, found in autoimmune hypothyroidism (1). These clinical features have led to the hypothesis, discussed at length elsewhere in this volume, that ophthalmopathy is the result of an autoimmune response against one or more orbital autoantigens which are shared by the thyroid. Such antigenic cross-reactivity would explain the known clinical associations and temporal features of the disease but it should still be recognized that any such cross-reactivity could be at the T cell rather than B cell level, and that, so far, this is still not a firmly established fact. Indeed, it remains the case that establishing the nature of autoantigen(s) responsible for ophthalmopathy is the Holy Grail of research in this area, as knowledge of the autoantigen responsible for an autoimmune disease is key to any experiments designed to map pathogenic epitopes or to any autoantigen-based therapeutic endeavors.

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  1. University of Sheffield Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, S5 7AU, Sheffield, UK

    Anthony P. Weetman, E. Helen Kemp, Jonathan N. Ridgway & Philip F. Watson

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  1. Division of Endocrinology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, Minnesota, USA

    Rebecca S. Bahn

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Weetman, A.P., Kemp, E.H., Ridgway, J.N., Watson, P.F. (2001). Orbital Autoantigens. In: Bahn, R.S. (eds) Thyroid Eye Disease. Endocrine Updates, vol 14. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-1447-3_1

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