Abstract
Clinical experience shows that cytokines have side effects of a central nervous system origin. Flu-like systems (fever, chills, headache, fatigue) develop rapidly with cytokine therapy. The latter symptoms are followed by neuroasthenia or fatigue syndrome (asthenia, malaise, lethargy, somnolence, headache, low-grade fevers, and Anorexia). Psychomotor, cognitive, and psychiatric changes are also observed (1–4). Numerous groups have considered the effects of cytokines on the central nervous system (5).
This work was co-author by Dr. A.J. Murgo in his private capacity. No official support or endorsement by the NCI is intended or should be inferred.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Turowski, R.C. and Triozzi,, P.L Central nervous system toxicities of cytokine therapy. In Cytokines, Stress and Immunity, NP Plotnikoff, RE Faith, AJ Murgo, RA Good, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1999, pp 93–114.
Yirmiya, R., Pollak, Y., Morag, M. et al. Illness, cytokines, and depression. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2000; 917:478–487,.
Kronfol, Z. Depression and immunity. In Cytokines, Stress and Immunity, NP Plotnikoff, RE Faith, AJ Murgo, RA Good, eds. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL 1999, pp 51–61.
Dunn, A.J. Role of cytokines in infection-induced stress. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1993; 697:189–202.
Szelenyi, J. Cytokines and the central nervous system. Brain Res. Bull. 2001; 54: 329–38.
Dantzer, R. Cytokine-induced sickness behavior: where do we stand? Brain Behav. Immun. 2001 Mar; 15: 7–24.
Banks, W.A. Anorectic effect of circulating cytokines: role of the vascular blood-brain barrier. Nutrition. 2001; 17: 434–7.
Benveniste, E.N. Cytokine actions in the central nervous system. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 1998; 9: 259–75.
Plata-Salaman, C.R. Cytokines and feeding. News Physiol. Sci. 1998; 13:298–304.
Corcos, M., Guilbaud, O., Chaovat, G., et al. Cytokines and anorexia. Nervous Psychosom Med. 2001; 63: 502–4.
McCarthy, D.O. Cytokines and the anorexia of infection: potential mechanisms and treatments. Biol. Res. Nurs. 2000; 1: 287–98.
Leonard, B.E. Changes in the immune system in depression and dementia: causal or co- incidental effects? Int. J. Dev. Neurosci. 2001; 19: 305–12.
Leonard, B.E. The immune system, depression and the action of antidepressants. Prog. Neuropsychopharmacol. Biol. Psychiatry 2001; 25: 767–80.
Sheng, W.S., Hus, S., Gekker, G., et al. Immunomodulatory role of opioids in the central nervous system. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. 1997; 45: 359–66.
Jiang, C.L., Son, L.X., Lu, C.L., et al. Analgesic effect of intereron-alpha via mu opioid receptor in the rat. Neurochem. Int. 2000; 36: 193–6.
Jiang, C.L., You, Z.D., Lu, C.L., et al. Lev-enkephalin induced by IL-2 administration mediates analgesic effect of IL-2. Neuroreport 2000; 11: 1483–5.
Kelly, B., Raphael, B., Judd, F., et al. Suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, and HIV infection Psychosomatics. 1998; 39: 405–15.
Perrella, O., Carreiri, P.B., Perrella, A., et al. Transforming growth factor beta-1 and interferon-alpha in the AIDS dementia complex (ADC): possible relationship with cerebral viral load? Eur. Cytokine Netw. 2001; 12: 51–5.
Mayne, M., Bratanich, A.C., Chen, P., et al. HIV-1 tat molecular diversity and induction of TNF-alpha: impications for HIV-induced neurological disease. Neuroimmuinomodulation 1998; 5: 184–92.
Terrenil De Simoni, M.G.. Role of the brain in interleukin-6 modulation. Neuroimmunomodulation 1998; 5: 214–9.
Lau, L.T. and Yu, A.C. Astrocytes produce and release interleukin-1, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha and interferon-gamma following traumatic and metabolic injury. J. Neurotrauma 2001; 18: 351–9.
Dafhy, N. Interferon and the Central Nervous System. In Cytokines Stress and Immunity eds. N.P. Plotnikoff, R.E. Faith, A.J. Murgo, R.A. Good, CRC Press 1999, pp 221–233.
Holden, J.E. and Proudfit, H.K. Enkephalin neurons that project to the A7 catecholamine cell group are located in nuclei that modulate nociception ventromedial medulla. Neuroscience 1998; 83: 929–47.
Borlongan, C.V., Su, P.T. and Wang, Y. Treatment with delta opioid peptide enhances in vitro and in vivo survival of rat dopaminergic neurons, Neuroreport. 2000: 11: 923–6.
You, Z.B., Herrera-Marschitz, M. and Terenius, L. Modulation of neurotransmitter release in the basal ganglia of the rat brain by dynorphin peptides. J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. 1999; 290: 1307–15.
Jiang, C.L., Son, L.X., Lu, C.L., et al. Analgesic effect of interferon-alpha via mu opioid receptor in the rat. Neurochem. Int. 2000; 36: 193–6.
Hon, T., Katafuchi, T., Take, S., et al. Neuroimmuno-modulatory actions of hypothalamic interferon-alpha. Neuroimmunomodulation 1998; 5: 172–7.
Smith, E.M., Diom, L.D. and Blalock, I.E. Opioid receptor mediated effects of INF- alpha and lymphocyte derived endorphin-like peptides. Prog. Clin. Biol. Res. 1985; 192: 259–64.
Jiang, C.L., Xu, D., You, Z.D., et al. Possible mechanism of the analgesic effect of interleukin-2 in central nervous system. Shen LI Xue Bao 1996; 48: 243–8.
Jiang, C.L., You, Z.D., Lu, C.L., et al. Leu-enkephalin induced by IL-2 administration mediates analgesic effect of IL-2. Neuroreport 2000; 11(7): 1483–5.
Hori, T., Oka, T., Hosoi, M., et al. Pain modulatory actions of cytokines and prostaglandin E2 in the brain. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1998; 840: 269–81.
Hori, T., Oka, T., Hosoi, M., et al. Hpothalamic mechanisms of pain modulatory actions of cytokines and prostaglandin E2. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 2000; 917:106–20.
Bianchi, M., Sacerdote, P., Ricciardi-Castagnoli, P., et al. Central effects of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-1 alpha on nociceptive thresholds and spontaneous locomotor activity. Neurosci. Lett. 1992; 148: 76–80.
Bianchi, M., Sacerdote, P., Locatelli, L., et al. Corticotropin releasing hormone, interleukin-1 alpha, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha share characteristics of stress mediators. Brain Res. 1991; 546: 139–42.
Oka, T., Oka, K., Mosoi, M., et al. The opposing effects of interleukin-1 beta microinjected into the preoptic hypothalamus and the ventromedial hypothalamus on nociceptive behavior in rats. Brain Res. 1995; 700: 271–8.
Song, C., Merali, Z. and Anisman, H. Variations of nucleus accumbens dopamine and serotonin following systemic interleukin-1, interleukin-2, or interleukin-6 treatment. Neuroscience 1999; 88: 823–36.
Dunn, A.J., Wang, J. and Ando, T. Effects of cytokines on cerebral neurotransmission. Adv. Exp. Med. Bio. 1999; 461:117–27.
Kamata, M., Higuchi, H., Yoshimoto, M., et al. Effect of single intracerebroventricular injection of alpha interferon on monoamine concentrations in the rat brain. Eur. Neurophyschopharmacol. 2000; 10: 129–32.
Lacosta, S., Merali, Z. and Anisman, H. Central monoamine activity following acute and repeated systemic interleukin-2 administration. Neuroimmunomodulation 2000; 8: 83–90.
Merrill, J.E. Interleukin-2 effects in the central nervous system. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci. 1990; 594: 188–199.
Eskay, R.L. and Eiden, L.E. Interleukin-1 alpha and tumor necrosis factor-alpha differentially regulate enkephalin, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide, neurotensin, and substance P biosynthesis in chromaffin cells. Endocrinology 1992; 130: 2252–2258.
Day, H.E., Curran, E.J., Watson, S.J. Jr., et al. Distinct neurochemical populations in the rat central nucleus of the amygdala and bed nucleus of the stria terminalis: evidence for their selctive activation by interleukin-1 beta. J. Comp. Neurol. 1999; 413: 113–28.
Sacerdote, P., Bianchi, M., Manfredi, B., et al. Intracerebroventricular interleuki-1 alpha increases immonucyte beta-endorphin concentrations in the rat: involvement of conticotropin-releasing hormone, catecholamines, and serotonin. Endocrinology 1994; 135: 1346–1352.
Menkes, D.B., MacDonald, J.A. Inteerons, serotonin and neurotoxicity. Psychol. Med. 2000; 30: 259–268.
Shuto, H., Hataoka, Y., Morikawa, T., et al. Repeated interferon-alpha administration inhibits dopaminergic neural activity in the mouse brain. Brain Res., 1997; 747: 348–351.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Plotnikoff, N.P., Faith, R.E., Murgo, A.J. (2003). Cytokines and Neuropeptides. In: Kronfol, Z. (eds) Cytokines and Mental Health. Neurobiological Foundation of Aberrant Behaviors, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0323-1_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-0323-1_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-5020-0
Online ISBN: 978-1-4615-0323-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive