Abstract
Intranasal delivery of biopharmaceuticals is an attractive option because it has many advantages such as ease of administration, noninvasive needle-free administration, rapid onset of action, and the avoidance of gastrointestinal and hepatic first-pass effects. On the other hand, poor transport of biopharmaceuticals across the nasal mucosa limited the intranasal administration. Here, the biological and immunological aspects of nasal delivery are described. Based on these physiological and functional characteristics of the nasal cavity, factors related on nasal drug delivery such as blood flow, mucociliar clearance, enzymatic degradation, transporters, and efflux systems are reviewed. Finally, many drug formulations such as prodrugs, solubilization agents, enzyme inhibitors, absorption promoters, polymeric carriers, and lipid-based carriers to overcome the poor transportation and achieve efficient intranasal drug delivery are discussed. The proper formulation and carrier design can control the permeability and localization of drugs and lead to efficient intranasal drug delivery.
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Yuba, E., Kono, K. (2014). Nasal Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. In: das Neves, J., Sarmento, B. (eds) Mucosal Delivery of Biopharmaceuticals. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9524-6_8
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