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An Overview of Endoplasmic Reticulum Calpain System

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Book cover Proteases in Health and Disease

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 7))

Abstract

Calpains, a family of Ca2+-dependent cysteine proteases, can modulate their substrates structure and function through limited proteolytic activity. Calpain mediated proteolysis of intracellular proteins is a key step in various cellular processes such as cytoskeleton modulation, cell migration, cell cycle progression and apoptosis. Calpain activity is controlled in vivo by calpastatin, a multiheaded endogenous polypeptide encoded by the calpastatin gene that specifically inhibits calpain. Calpains have previously been considered as the cytoplasmic enzymes; however, recent research have demonstrated that m-calpain and calpastatin are present in endoplasmic reticulum and play important roles in a variety of pathophysiological conditions including necrotic and apoptotic cell death phenomena. This review summarizes function and regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum calpain system, focusing on the relevance of its roles in several cellular and biochemical events under normal and some pathophysiological conditions.

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Acknowledgement

Thanks are due to the University of Kalyani, Kalyani 741235, West Bengal, India for financial assistance.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Sherrington Building, Parks Road, Oxford, OX13PT, UK

    Krishna Samanta & Pulak Kar

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, 741235, West Bengal, India

    Tapati Chakraborti & Sajal Chakraborti

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  1. Krishna Samanta
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  2. Pulak Kar
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  4. Sajal Chakraborti
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Correspondence to Sajal Chakraborti .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Kalyani, Kalyani, West Bengal, India

    Sajal Chakraborti

  2. Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manitoba, St. Boniface Hospital Research Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Samanta, K., Kar, P., Chakraborti, T., Chakraborti, S. (2013). An Overview of Endoplasmic Reticulum Calpain System. In: Chakraborti, S., Dhalla, N. (eds) Proteases in Health and Disease. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 7. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9233-7_1

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