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White Matter Injury in Stroke and CNS Disease pp 219–256Cite as

White Matter Injury After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage

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Part of the book series: Springer Series in Translational Stroke Research ((SSTSR,volume 4))

Abstract

Of the three stroke subtypes, spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) has the highest death rate and the poorest prognosis in survivors. Indeed, half of ICH patients die and only 10–20 % return to normal activities of daily living. Although the incidence of spontaneous ICH is estimated at ~10–15 % of all strokes, approximately 2 million patients are affected yearly worldwide. Besides spontaneous ICH, intracerebral bleeds also occur following treatment with thrombolytic agents for ischemic stroke and myocardial infarction. At present, there are no approved pharmacologic or generally accepted surgical treatments.

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Abbreviations

APP:

Amyloid precursor protein

BBB:

Blood–brain barrier

CNS:

Central nervous system

GFAP:

Glial fibrillary acidic protein

H&E:

Hematoxylin and eosin

HO-1:

Heme oxygenase-1

ICAM-1:

Intracellular adhesion molecule-1

IL-1:

Interleukin-1

ICH:

Intracerebral hemorrhage

LFB:

Luxol fast blue

MAPK:

Mitogen-activated protein kinases

MCP-1:

Monocyte chemoattractant protein

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

MMPs:

Matrix metalloproteinases

NF-kappaB:

Nuclear factor-kappaB

NOS:

Nitric oxide synthase

Nrf2:

Nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like factor 2

PPARgamma:

Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

PARs:

Proteinase-activated receptors

STICH:

Surgical trial in intracerebral hemorrhage

TBI:

Traumatic brain injury

TNF-alpha:

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

TUNEL:

Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT)-mediated deoxyuridine (dUTP)-biotin nick end labeling

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Acknowledgments

The studies from the author’s laboratory that are described in this review were supported by National Institutes of Health grant R01NS30652 and funds from the Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Research (151), Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 3200 Vine Street, Cincinnati, OH, 45220, USA

    Kenneth R. Wagner Ph.D.

  2. Department Neurology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA

    Kenneth R. Wagner Ph.D.

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  1. Kenneth R. Wagner Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Kenneth R. Wagner Ph.D. .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Cleveland Clinic Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland, Ohio, USA

    Selva Baltan

  2. Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA

    S. Thomas Carmichael

  3. Departamento de Neurociencias, Achucarro Basque Centger for Neuroscience, University del Pais Vasco (UPV/EHU), and Centro de, Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), Leioa, Spain

    Carlos Matute

  4. University of Michigan Dept. Neurosurgery, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA

    Guohua Xi

  5. Dept. Pharmacology Dept. Neurosurgery, Loma Linda University Dept. Physiology, Loma Linda, California, USA

    John H Zhang

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Wagner, K.R. (2014). White Matter Injury After Experimental Intracerebral Hemorrhage. In: Baltan, S., Carmichael, S., Matute, C., Xi, G., Zhang, J. (eds) White Matter Injury in Stroke and CNS Disease. Springer Series in Translational Stroke Research, vol 4. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9123-1_11

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