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Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis: Renal Tubular Acidosis

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Abstract

Renal tubular acidoses (RTAs) are discrete renal tubular disorders that are characterized by the inability to excrete H+ in the urine, As a result, there is a positive H+ balance, causing metabolic acidosis. The net acid excretion is decreased, and some of the patients are unable to lower their urine pH < 5.5. Despite severe acidosis, the anion gap (AG) remains normal because the decrease in serum [HCO3 −] is compensated for by a proportionate increase in serum [Cl−].

There are five types of RTAs: Distal RTA (classic or Type I RTA); Proximal RTA (Type II RTA); Incomplete RTA (Type III RTA); Hyperkalemic RTA associated with relative aldosterone deficiency or its resistance (Type IV RTA); and Hyperkalemic distal RTA associated with variable levels of aldosterone.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, USA

    Prof. Alluru S. Reddi Md, Ph.D

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  1. Prof. Alluru S. Reddi Md, Ph.D
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Correspondence to Alluru S. Reddi Md, Ph.D .

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Reddi, A. (2014). Hyperchloremic Metabolic Acidosis: Renal Tubular Acidosis. In: Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-Base Disorders. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9083-8_29

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9083-8_29

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-9082-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-9083-8

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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