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Alcohol Impairment of Granulocyte Function During Lung Infection

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Alcohol Use Disorders and the Lung

Part of the book series: Respiratory Medicine ((RM,volume 14))

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Abstract

Heavy alcohol consumption increases the incidence and severity of bacterial pneumonia and other infections. Neutrophil recruitment into the lung is a critical early host response to infection. This chapter focuses on the defects in neutrophil function and production in the alcohol-abusing host. Most of the preclinical literature on this subject has been produced using acute, intoxicating doses of alcohol. These models identify that alcohol-induced suppression of neutrophil recruitment and production are strongly associated with an increased severity of lung infection. Mechanisms responsible for this alcohol-induced granulocyte suppression include decreasing pro-inflammatory cytokine, CXC chemokine, and granulopoietic growth factor production. Neutrophil and/or granulocyte progenitor cell responsiveness to these mediators is also suppressed by alcohol. Additionally, studies indicate that neutrophil functions such as phagocytosis and pathogen killing may also be impaired by severe alcohol intoxication or chronic consumption. Human studies, though fewer in number, identify similar defects imparted by intoxicating concentrations of alcohol. Taken together, present knowledge supports the conclusion that defects in neutrophil recruitment, function and production are pivotal consequences of alcohol abuse and render the host susceptible to a multitude of respiratory infections.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology and Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA

    Gregory J. Bagby Ph.D.

  2. Department of Internal Medicine, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA

    Gregory J. Bagby Ph.D.

  3. Section of Pulmonary/Critical Care, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USA

    Kyle I. Happel M.D.

  4. Department of Physiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, 1901 Perdido Street, New Orleans, 70112, LA, USA

    J. Nicholas Melvan M.D., Ph.D.

Authors
  1. Gregory J. Bagby Ph.D.
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  2. Kyle I. Happel M.D.
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  3. J. Nicholas Melvan M.D., Ph.D.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Gregory J. Bagby Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and the Atlanta VA Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA

    David M. Guidot

  2. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine and the Atlanta VA Medical Center, Decatur, Georgia, USA

    Ashish J. Mehta

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© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media New York

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Bagby, G.J., Happel, K.I., Melvan, J.N. (2014). Alcohol Impairment of Granulocyte Function During Lung Infection. In: Guidot, D., Mehta, A. (eds) Alcohol Use Disorders and the Lung. Respiratory Medicine, vol 14. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8833-0_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8833-0_11

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-8832-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-8833-0

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