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Improvement of Crops in the Era of Climatic Changes pp 91–120Cite as

Biotic Stress and Crop Improvement

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Abstract

Biotic stress is one of the major environmental factors affecting plants. Viruses, fungi, bacteria, weeds, insects, and other pests and pathogens represent a major constraint to agricultural productivity and a serious threat to vegetable and grain crops. Plant protection against pathogens and pests is a commercially important issue and one of the main directions of researches. Almost half of new infectious diseases identified in plants during the past 10 years have a viral nature. The number and distribution areas of some plant viruses in Europe have been increasing rapidly during the past 35 years that caused big problems from an economic point of view. Viral diseases have also become a real threat for different cultivars of vegetables, grains, and other agricultural crops in our country. It causes extensive leaf yellowing, stem and leaf deformation, reducing the fruit quality, substantial yield loss, and shortening the lifecycle of crops. The probable cause of decay of virus-infected plants is not only the virus activity itself but also reduced tolerance to unfavorable environmental conditions. The identification of the viruses affecting plants and the study of the plant responses are very important for the better understanding of the plant–virus interactions and for developing the tendency to reduce the plant virus-associated risks in Azerbaijan. Therefore, the main goal of the present study is to identify the most widespread plant viruses in Azerbaijan using different molecular techniques and to evaluate some characteristics of plant response to viral stress.

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Abbreviations

APX:

Ascorbate peroxidase

CAT:

Catalase

Chl:

Chlorophyll

CP:

Coat protein

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

F:

Fluorescence

GR:

Glutathione reductase

LHC:

Light-harvesting complex

MV:

Methyl viologen

ORF:

Open reading frame

PCR:

Polymerase chain reaction

PS:

Photosystem

RCA:

Rolling circle amplification

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

ssRNA:

Single-stranded RNA

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Acknowledgments

This work was financially supported by of the Science Development Foundation under the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan (grant EIF-2011-1(3)-82/48/3).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Botany, Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, 40 Badamdar Highway, AZ1073, Baku, Azerbaijan

    Irada Huseynova, Nargiz Sultanova, Alamdar Mammadov, Saftar Suleymanov & Jalal A. Aliyev

  2. Department of Plant Physiology and Biotechnology, Research Institute of Crop Husbandry, Ministry of Agriculture of the Republic of Azerbaijan, AZ1098, Baku, Azerbaijan

    Jalal A. Aliyev

Authors
  1. Irada Huseynova
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  2. Nargiz Sultanova
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  3. Alamdar Mammadov
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  4. Saftar Suleymanov
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  5. Jalal A. Aliyev
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Irada Huseynova .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany, Sri Pratap College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Parvaiz Ahmad

  2. Department of Botany, Govt. Degree College (Boys), Anantnag, Jammu and Kashmir, India

    Mohd Rafiq Wani

  3. Department of Botany, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt

    Mohamed Mahgoub Azooz

  4. Signaling Pathway Research Unit, RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource Science, Yokohama, Japan

    Lam-Son Phan Tran

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Huseynova, I., Sultanova, N., Mammadov, A., Suleymanov, S., Aliyev, J. (2014). Biotic Stress and Crop Improvement. In: Ahmad, P., Wani, M., Azooz, M., Phan Tran, LS. (eds) Improvement of Crops in the Era of Climatic Changes. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-8824-8_4

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