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Neural Differentiation from Pluripotent Stem Cells

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Abstract

Technical advances have made it possible to derive pluripotent stem cells (PSCs) from many mammalian species and further differentiate PSCs to multiple cellular lineages. Leveraging the progress made in understanding how different cell types differentiate during mammalian development with the power of PSCs provides an opportunity to differentiate pluripotent cells to nearly any differentiated cell type in vitro. A large database of knowledge is now available on the generation of central and peripheral nervous system neurons and glia from PSCs. The potential to generate such a diverse array of neural cell types offers great promise for the development of cellular and tissue replacement therapies to treat many neurodegenerative disorders. However, because the nervous system contains so many different cell types, much work needs to be performed to generate the many neural cells that are still inaccessible by in vitro differentiation. The rate at which researchers are accumulating information about the mechanisms underlying neural development and translating this information to direct differentiation of PSCs suggests it may soon be possible to generate most neural cell types in culture.

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Acknowledgements

We thank Anastasia Efthymiou for comments on draft versions of this chapter.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Institutes of Health Center for Regenerative Medicine, National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases, 50 South Drive Suite 1140, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA

    Mahendra Rao M.B.B.S., Ph.D. & Nasir Malik Ph.D.

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  1. Mahendra Rao M.B.B.S., Ph.D.
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Correspondence to Mahendra Rao M.B.B.S., Ph.D. .

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  1. New York State Health Department Wadsworth Center, Albany, New York, USA

    Stewart Sell

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Rao, M., Malik, N. (2013). Neural Differentiation from Pluripotent Stem Cells. In: Sell, S. (eds) Stem Cells Handbook. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7696-2_11

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