Annual Reports, UCL. Details of the annual changes in UC staff are in the Annual Report of UCL. Appendix II in the present book includes a list of all those scientists and clinicians who published one or more papers from the physiology department, from 1899-1927.
Google Scholar
Anonymous annotation. 1889. The pentacle of rejuvenescence. Brit Med J 1:1416.
Google Scholar
Anonymous. Letter to Brit Med J 1418-19. November 16, 1907.
Google Scholar
Anonymous. 1909. A new institute of physiology in London. Brit Med J. 1:1436–1444.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Babkin BP. Pavlov—a Biography. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1949, p. 229.
Google Scholar
Bayliss WM, Starling EH. The mechanism of pancreatic secretion. J Physiol 28:325–353, 1902. The classic paper. It provides most of the background findings that are reviewed in this chapter, as well as the actual results.
PubMed
CAS
Google Scholar
Bernard C. Mémoire sur le Pancréas. Paris: Bailliere, 1856 (Translated by J. Henderson. London: Academic Press, 1985). Bernard showed that tying the pancreatic duct often produces no pathological changes in the pancreas. This may be due to the presence of an accessory duct, (present in 50% of dogs) which enables pancreatic juice to bypass the blockage and enter the duodenum via this alternative route. Or the tied duct may remodel itself around the ligature, and make a new channel outside the knot, so it is slightly surprising that Starling expected a ligature of the pancreatic duct to have a significant effect on the structure of the gland. He may not have known the French literature as well as he knew the German.
Google Scholar
The “Brown Dog” trial is from the Times law reports of November 15-18, 1903.
Google Scholar
Evans CAL. The First Bayliss-Starling Lecture: “Reminiscences of Bayliss and Starling.” Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1964. According to Evans, the bronze statue was given to Battersea Park by a Miss Woodward. Evans implies that Miss Woodward was responsible for the inscription; she the Town Council for breach of contract when they had it removed. “That action also went brilliantly in Bayliis’s favour, with pointed comments from the judge on the libellous nature of the inscription.” (We know nothing of this second case.) bronze statue was given to Battersea Park by a Miss Woodward. Evans implies that Miss Woodward was responsible for the inscription; she sued the Town Council for breach of contract when they had it removed. “That action also went brilliantly in Bayliss’s favour, with pointed comments from the judge on the libellous nature of the inscription.” (We know nothing of this second case.)
Google Scholar
Cushing H. 1940. The Life of Sir Willam Osier. London: Oxford University Press, p. 766.
Google Scholar
Franklin KJ. 1953. Joseph Barcrofi. Oxford: Blackwell, p. 153.
Google Scholar
Huxley TH. 1893. “On Medical Education” (1870). This is a reprinted lecture included in Science and Education. London: Macmillan and Co.
Google Scholar
Martin CJ. 1927. Obituary of EH Starling. Brit Med J 1:900–905.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Merrington WR. University College Hospital Medical School: a History. London: Heinemann, 1976. The hospital stopped housing patients in the late 1990s. It became known as the Cruciform Building, and started to house the Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, and some of the medical school’s preclinical facilities. It underwent extensive restoration, recovering lost facades by the use of 200,000 bricks, developed to match the colour and texture of the Victorian originals. It now must look very much as it did in 1906 when it was built.
Google Scholar
Needham J. 1936. Order and Life. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 80. Joseph Needham includes this tantalizing footnote: “According to local tradition the word ‘hormone’ was born in the hall of Caius College, Cambridge. Schäfer or Starling was brought in to dine by [WB] Hardy and the question of nomenclature was raised. WT Vesey, an authority on Pindar, suggested óρμαω) (excite), and the thing was done.” Needham was a fellow of Caius College; his footnote doesn’t suggest that he was there at the time. The event is not dated. In another publication, Schäfer gives Starling full credit for introducing “hormone” into the language. This is consistent with it being Starling, not Schäfer, dining with Hardy in Caius College on that particular evening. Schäfer, in fact, gave credit to Starling for the word when he was speaking at an International Medical Congress, in London, reported in the British Medical Journal, p. 380, August 16, 1913. Schäfer suggested that “hormone” be reserved for stimulatory agents; he proposed “chalone” for inhibitory substances. Starling was at the meeting, and said that knowledge of hormones was so slight that it was too early to propose such a classification.
Google Scholar
O’Connor WJ. 1991. British Physiologists 1885–1914. A Biographical Dictionary. Manchester: Manchester University Press.
Google Scholar
Pavlov IP. 1967. Nobel Lectures (Physiology and Medicine) 1901–1921. Amsterdam: Elsevier, pp. 133–161.
Google Scholar
Special Collections Library of UCL. The Pavlov photo is undated, and has only “Northwood” written on its back.
Google Scholar
Starling EH. 1903. Introductory Address: London’s debt to medicine. British Medical Journal 2:911–913.
CrossRef
Google Scholar
Webb Beatrice. 1948. Our Partnership, Eds. Drake B and Cole M. LSE. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, p. 99.
Google Scholar