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How to Grow a Bat Wing

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Bat Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation

Abstract

The earliest bats underwent an extraordinary limb-to-wing transition during their evolutionary history and successfully colonized the aerial habitat. Unfortunately, the bat fossil record lacks transitional fossils documenting this event, thereby challenging scientists to reconstruct these changes in their body plan based on the molecular and morphological events occurring throughout embryonic development. This chapter reviews how recent evolutionary developmental biologists have begun to elucidate how bats got their wings based on molecular studies in embryonic and fetal bats. This chapter first summarizes our current understanding of the processes regulating basic mammalian limb development in terrestrial taxa, and then discusses how bat limb development is unique in its formation of a novel limb pattern, wing membrane, and elongated digits. Lastly, this chapter outlines novel areas ripe for future study in bat evolution and development. Taken together, these data offer insights into the molecular and gross morphological events that drive innovation and molecular diversification in mammals.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank Drs. Rick Adams and Scott Pedersen for the invitation to contribute to this edited volume. Drs. Chris Cretekos, Richard Behringer, John J. Rasweiler IV, and Mr. Simeone Williams are thanked for conversations and continued field efforts in collecting Carollia specimens. Laura Catherwood and Alex Rockwell are thanked for assistance in sectioning and staining bat wings. Lastly, the authors thank the Department of Life Sciences at the University of West Indies, as well as the Ministry of Agriculture, Land, and Marine Resources of Trinidad and Tobago, Trinidad for supporting our field work. L.N. Cooper thanks the American Association of Anatomists for supporting this research via an AAA Postdoctoral Fellowship. K. Sears thanks the University of Illinois for funding field collection of Carollia.

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  1. Department of Animal Biology and Institute for Genomic Biology, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, 60607, USA

    Lisa Noelle Cooper & Karen E. Sears

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  1. Lisa Noelle Cooper
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Correspondence to Lisa Noelle Cooper .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biological Sciences, University of Northern Colorado, Greeley, Colorado, USA

    Rick A. Adams

  2. Department of Biology, South Dakota State, Brookings, South Dakota, USA

    Scott C. Pedersen

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Cooper, L.N., Sears, K.E. (2013). How to Grow a Bat Wing. In: Adams, R., Pedersen, S. (eds) Bat Evolution, Ecology, and Conservation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7397-8_1

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