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Handbook of Food Fortification and Health pp 147–158Cite as

Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants

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Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Human milk is the best feeding choice for preterm infants, as it offers protection against sepsis and other infections (particularly diarrhoea and acute otitis media) [1] and against necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) [2], thanks to its various bioactive and immunomodulatory components. Furthermore, human milk feeding is related to long-term improved neurocognitive development [3]. It has a beneficial role in facilitating and improving adaptation to extrauterine life; its components also have the effect of promoting psychomotor and behavioural development [4].

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Abbreviations

AAP:

American Academy of Pediatrics

AGA:

Appropriate for gestational age

ARA:

Arachidonic acid

BUN:

Blood urea nitrogen

DHA:

Docosahexaenoic acid

ESPGHAN:

European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition

GA:

Gestational age

GER:

Gastroesophageal reflux

HMF:

Human milk fortifier

LBW:

Low birth weight

LC-PUFA:

Long-chain polyunsatured fatty acid

MCT:

Medium-chain triglyceride

NEC:

Necrotizing enterocolitis

NICU:

Neonatal intensive care unit

NIRA:

Near-infrared-reflectance-analysis

RCT:

Randomized controlled trial

SGA:

Small for gestational age

VLBW:

Very low birth weight

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Neonatology and Intensive Care Unit-Sant’Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy

    Luigi Corvaglia, Elena Legnani, Arianna Aceti, Elisa Mariani & Giacomo Faldella

Authors
  1. Luigi Corvaglia
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  2. Elena Legnani
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  3. Arianna Aceti
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  4. Elisa Mariani
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  5. Giacomo Faldella
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Luigi Corvaglia .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Diabetes and Nutritional Sciences, School of Medicine, King's College London, 150 Stamford Street, London, SE1 9NH, United Kingdom

    Victor R. Preedy

  2. University Hospital Lewisham, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Gastroenterology, Kings College Hospital, London, SM68SU, United Kingdom

    Rajaventhan Srirajaskanthan

  3. Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Westminster, 115 New Cavendish Street, London, W1W 6UW, United Kingdom

    Vinood B. Patel

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Corvaglia, L., Legnani, E., Aceti, A., Mariani, E., Faldella, G. (2013). Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants. In: Preedy, V., Srirajaskanthan, R., Patel, V. (eds) Handbook of Food Fortification and Health. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7110-3_12

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7110-3_12

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