Abstract
This chapter deals with the current situation and offers some thoughts on future prospects. Issues raised throughout the book are revisited, and accounts are given of seemingly ascendant perspectives such as the public health and the biopsychosocial models. The ongoing role of metaphors, exemplified by the development of “vaccines” against addiction, reinforces a point we have been making throughout: ideas and concepts will invariably travel from one sphere to another. Today, there is a greater awareness of cultural determinants and the many ambiguities that haunt all studies of PG and addictions in general. We build on this through reference to many of the historical currents addressed in this book, discuss the ongoing resilience of the mainstream disease conception, and do our best to sift out what aspects of assorted models are promising as well as ones that would best be left behind. Theories of positive and negative reinforcement are discussed, and we argue that the two conceptions are in some ways compatible. We end by reminding the reader of the pejorative portrayals of addicts originating in the early twentieth century and argue strongly that the idea of the afflicted requiring extremes of degradation (hitting bottom) in order to recover is a relic from a time when addictions were poorly understood.
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Ferentzy, P., Turner, N.E. (2013). Current Situation and Future Directions. In: The History of Problem Gambling. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6699-4_7
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