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Adipokines, Molecular Players at the Crossroad Between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Role in Arthropathies

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Abstract

Oxidative stress is becoming to be recognized as a relevant process at play in rheumatic diseases. Certain novel biochemical players were identified and appear to be related with the severity and progression of the different rheumatic diseases. Adipocytes synthesize and secrete a wide variety of factors called ­adipokines, which are involved in many different physiological processes and ­diseases. These adipose tissue-derived factors seem also to be involved in the pathophysiology of rheumatic disorders by regulating also oxidative stress at vascular and joint tissues level.

In this chapter, we discuss the relationships between adipokines and different arthropathies and their complications, as well as their liaison with oxidative stress.

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Abbreviations

AdipoR1:

Adiponectin receptor 1

AdipoR2:

Adiponectin receptor 2

ADSF:

Adipocyte-secreted factor

ALP:

Alkaline phosphatase

AS:

Ankylosing spondylitis

CART:

Cocaine- and amphetamine-related transcript

CRP:

C-reactive protein

CVD:

Cardiovascular diseases

eNOS:

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase

FIZZ3:

Inflammatory zone 3

GH:

Growth hormone

IGF-1:

Insulin growth factor-1

IL:

Interleukin

IL-1Ra:

IL-1 receptor antagonist

IR:

Insulin resistance

LDL:

Low-density lipoprotein

MCP-1:

Monocyte chemotactic protein 1

MMP:

Matrix metalloproteinase

Nampt:

Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase

NO:

Nitric oxide

NPY:

Neuropeptide Y

OA:

Osteoarthritis

PAI-1:

Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1

PBEF:

Pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor

PBMCs:

Peripheral blood mononuclear cells

PGE2 :

Prostaglandin E2

RA:

Rheumatoid arthritis

RLM:

Resistin-like molecules

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

sdLDL-C:

Small dense low-density lipoprotein subclasses

SF:

Synovial fluid

sIL-6R:

Soluble IL-6 receptor

SLE:

Systemic lupus erythematosus

TGF-β:

Transforming growth factor-β

TNF-α:

Tumor necrosis factor-α

WAT:

White adipose tissue

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. NEIRID Lab (NeuroEndocrine Interaction in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Morena Scotece, Javier Conde, Verónica López, Juan J. Gómez-Reino & Oreste Gualillo

  2. Division of Rheumatology, Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain

    Rodolfo Gómez

  3. Research Laboratory 7 (Molecular and Cellular Cardiology), Institute of Medical Research (IDIS), Santiago University Clinical Hospital, SERGAS, Santiago de Compostela, Spain

    Francisca Lago

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  1. Morena Scotece
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  2. Javier Conde
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  1. Fac Farmacia, Department of Pharmacology, University of Valencia, Av Vicent Andres Estelles S/n Burjasot, Valencia, 46100, Spain

    Maria Jose Alcaraz

  2. , NEIRID Lab, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Trav. Choupana sn, Santiago de Compostela, 15706, Spain

    Oreste Gualillo

  3. Fundación Jiménez Díaz Hospital, Rheumatology Division, Autonoma University, Avda Reyes Católicos 2, Madrid, 28040, Spain

    Olga Sánchez-Pernaute

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Scotece, M. et al. (2013). Adipokines, Molecular Players at the Crossroad Between Inflammation and Oxidative Stress: Role in Arthropathies. In: Alcaraz, M., Gualillo, O., Sánchez-Pernaute, O. (eds) Studies on Arthritis and Joint Disorders. Oxidative Stress in Applied Basic Research and Clinical Practice. Humana Press, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6166-1_4

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