Abstract
There has been tremendous growth in the field of screen-based simulation over the past 20 years, corresponding with advances in computer technology and a need for fresh approaches to the growing problem of how to best develop and maintain a skilled health-care workforce amid budgetary constraints, duty-hour restrictions, and ongoing scrutiny of the safety and reliability of patient-care practices. While screen-based simulators are designed to recreate only limited aspects of the physical environment, published studies indicate that those meeting contemporary technical standards achieve a level of fidelity sufficient to impart procedural knowledge better than traditional textbook or paper-based methods and possibly as well as mannequin simulation. Moreover, the unparalleled reliability and throughput capacity of screen-based simulators make them highly promising tools for assessing and tracking cognitive performance for research or administrative purposes. The recent emergence of web-enabled simulators will make screen-based simulations easier for learners to access, easier for institutions to install, and easier to revise through downloadable updates. The Internet also opens up a host of potential new directions for screen-based simulation, including a capacity to support multiple participants who manage a simulated scenario as a team, in a real-time, networked environment. Going forward, screen-based simulation stands to play a major role in research designed to identify performance deficiencies that can be translated into opportunities for targeted curricular and care process improvement.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Historical facts, dates, places, numbers. Society for Simulation in Healthcare. 2008. http://www.ssih.org/public/ssh_content. Accessed 30 Apr 2008.
Weinstock PH, Kappus LJ, Kleinman ME, Grenier B, Hickey P, Burns JP. Toward a new paradigm in hospital-based pediatric education: the development of an onsite simulator program. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2005;6:635–41.
Nishisaki A, Hales R, Biagas K, et al. A multi-institutional high-fidelity simulation “boot camp” orientation and training program for first year pediatric critical care fellows. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009;10:157–62.
Weinstock PH, Kappus LJ, Garden A, Burns JP. Simulation at the point of care: reduced-cost, in situ training via a mobile cart. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009;10:176–81.
Calhoun AW, Boone MC, Peterson EB, Boland KA, Montgomery VL. Integrated in-situ simulation using redirected faculty educational time to minimize costs: a feasibility study. Simul Healthc. 2011;6(6):337–44.
Entwisle G, Entwisle DR. The use of a digital computer as a teaching machine. J Med Educ. 1963;38:803–12.
Schwid HA. A flight simulator for general anesthesia training. Comput Biomed Res. 1987;20:64–75.
Taekman JM, Shelley K. Virtual environments in healthcare: immersion, disruption, and flow. Int Anesthesiol Clin. 2010;48:101–21.
Schwid HA, Souter K. Cost-effectiveness of screen-based simulation for anesthesiology residents: 18 year experience. In: American Society of Anesthesiologists annual meeting, New Orleans, 2009.
Schwid HA, O’Donnell D. Educational malignant hyperthermia simulator. J Clin Monit. 1992;8:201–8.
Schwid HA, O’Donnell D. The anesthesia simulator consultant: simulation plus expert system. Anesthesiol Rev. 1993;20:185–9.
Schwid HA. Components of a successful medical simulation program. Simulation Gaming. 2001;32:240–9.
Schwid HA, O’Donnell D. The anesthesia simulator-recorder: a device to train and evaluate anesthesiologists’ responses to critical incidents. Anesthesiology. 1990;72:191–7.
Smothers V, Greene P, Ellaway R, Detmer DE. Sharing innovation: the case for technology standards in health professions education. Med Teach. 2008;30:150–4.
Posel N, Fleiszer D, Shore BM. 12 tips: guidelines for authoring virtual patient cases. Med Teach. 2009;31:701–8.
Triola MM, Campion N, McGee JB, Albright S, Greene P, Smothers V, Ellaway R. An XML standard for virtual patients: exchanging case-based simulations in medical education. AMIA Annu Symp Proc. 2007:741–5.
Schwid HA. Open-source shared case library. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2008;132:442–45.
Schwid HA. Anesthesia Simulator-Case 5-Anaphylactic reaction. MedEdPORTAL 2009. Available from www.aamc.org/mededportal. (ID=1711). Accessed on 2 Nov 2011.
Stross JK. Maintaining competency in advanced cardiac life support skills. JAMA. 1983;249:3339–41.
Curry L, Gass D. Effects of training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation on competence and patient outcome. Can Med Assoc J. 1987;137:491–6.
Gass DA, Curry L. Physicians’ and nurses’ retention of knowledge and skill after training in cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Can Med Assoc J. 1983;128:550–1.
Lowenstein SR, Hansbrough JF, Libby LS, Hill DM, Mountain RD, Scoggin CH. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation by medical and surgical house-officers. Lancet. 1981;2:679–81.
Schwid HA, Rooke GA. ACLS Simulator. Issaquah: Copyright Anesoft Corporation; 1992.
Field JM, Hazinski MF, Sayre MR, et al. Part 1: executive summary: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010;122:S640–56.
HeartCode® ACLS. Copyright Laerdal Corporation, Stavanger Norway, 2010.
Schwid HA, Ventre KM. PALS Simulator. Copyright Anesoft Corporation, Issaquah, 2006, 2011.
Kleinman ME, Chameides L, Schexnayder SM, et al. Part 14: pediatric advanced life support: 2010 American Heart Association Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care. Circulation. 2010;122:S876–908.
Ventre KM, Collingridge DS, DeCarlo D. End-user evaluations of a personal computer-based pediatric advanced life support simulator. Simul Healthc. 2011;6:134–42.
Ralston ME, Zaritsky AL. New opportunity to improve pediatric emergency preparedness: pediatric emergency assessment, recognition, and stabilization course. Pediatrics. 2009;123:578–80.
Schwid HA. Anesthesia simulators – technology and applications. Isr Med Assoc J. 2000;2:949–53.
Medina LS, Racadio JM, Schwid HA. Computers in radiology. The sedation, analgesia, and contrast media computerized simulator: a new approach to train and evaluate radiologists’ responses to critical incidents. Pediatr Radiol. 2000;30:299–305.
Schwid HA, Gustin A. Critical Care Simulator. Issaquah: Copyright Anesoft Corporation; 2008.
Schwid HA, Bennett T. Pediatrics Simulator. Issaquah: Copyright Anesoft Corporation; 2008.
Schwid HA, Eastwood K, Schreiber JR. Obstetrics Simulator. Issaquah: Copyright Anesoft Corporation; 2008.
Schwid HA, Jackson C, Strandjord TP. Neonatal Simulator. Issaquah: Copyright Anesoft Corporation; 2006.
Schwid HA, Duchin JS, Brennan JK, Taneda K, Boedeker BH, Ziv A, et al. Bioterrorism Simulator. Issaquah: Copyright Anesoft Corporation; 2002.
LeFlore J, Thomas PE, Zielke MA, Buus-Frank ME, McFadden BE, Sansoucie DA. Educating neonatal nurse practitioners in the 21st century. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 2011;25:200–5.
LeFlore J, Thomas P, McKenzie L, Zielke M. Can a complex interactive virtual ventilator help to save babies’ lives: an educational innovation for neonatal nurse practitioner students [abstract]. Sim Healthc. 2010;5:A106.
Lampotang S. Virtual anesthesia machine. Copyright University of Florida. 2000. http://vam.anest.ufl.edu/simulations/configurablevam.php. Accessed on 3 Nov 2011.
Caplan RA, Vistica MF, Posner KL, Cheney FW. Adverse anesthetic outcomes arising from gas delivery equipment: a closed claims analysis. Anesthesiology. 1997;87:741–8.
Fischler IS, Kaschub CE, Lizdas DE, Lampotang S. Understanding of anesthesia machine function is enhanced with a transparent reality simulation. Simul Healthc. 2008;3:26–32.
Conradi E, Kavia S, Burden D, Rice A, Woodham L, Beaumont C, et al. Virtual patients in a virtual world: training paramedic students for practice. Med Teach. 2009;31:713–20.
Taekman JM, Segall N, Hobbs G, et al. 3Di Teams: healthcare team training in a virtual environment. Anesthesiology. 2007;107:A2145.
Cicarelli DD, Coelho RB, Bensenor FE, Vieira JE. Importance of critical events training for anesthesiology residents: experience with computer simulator. Rev Bras Anestesiol. 2005;55:151–7.
Biese KJ, Moro-Sutherland D, Furberg RD, et al. Using screen-based simulation to improve performance during pediatric resuscitation. Acad Emerg Med. 2009;16 Suppl 2:S71–5.
Tan GM, Ti LK, Tan K, Lee T. A comparison of screen-based simulation and conventional lectures for undergraduate teaching of crisis management. Anaesth Intensive Care. 2008;36:565–9.
Schwid HA, Rooke GA, Ross BK, Sivarajan M. Use of a computerized advanced cardiac life support simulator improves retention of advanced cardiac life support guidelines better than a textbook review. Crit Care Med. 1999;27:821–4.
Schwid HA, Rooke GA, Michalowski P, Ross BK. Screen-based anesthesia simulation with debriefing improves performance in a mannequin-based anesthesia simulator. Teach Learn Med. 2001;13:92–6.
Bonnetain E, Boucheix JM, Hamet M, Freysz M. Benefits of computer screen-based simulation in learning cardiac arrest procedures. Med Educ. 2010;44:716–22.
Nyssen AS, Larbuisson R, Janssens M, Pendeville P, Mayne A. A comparison of the training value of two types of anesthesia simulators: computer screen-based and mannequin-based simulators. Anesth Analg. 2002;94:1560–5.
Owen H, Mugford B, Follows V, Plummer JL. Comparison of three simulation-based training methods for management of medical emergencies. Resuscitation. 2006;71:204–11.
Schwid HA, O’Donnell D. Anesthesiologists’ management of simulated critical incidents. Anesthesiology. 1992;76:495–501.
DeAnda A, Gaba DM. Role of experience in the response to simulated critical incidents. Anesth Analg. 1991;72:308–15.
Gaba DM, DeAnda A. The response of anesthesia trainees to simulated critical incidents. Anesth Analg. 1989;68:444–51.
Ventre KM, Collingridge DS, DeCarlo D, Schwid HA. Performance of a consensus scoring algorithm for assessing pediatric advanced life support competency using a computer screen-based simulator. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2009;10:623–35.
Hunt EA, Walker AR, Shaffner DH, Miller MR, Pronovost PJ. Simulation of in-hospital pediatric medical emergencies and cardiopulmonary arrests: highlighting the importance of the first 5 minutes. Pediatrics. 2008;121:e34–43.
Shilkofski NA, Nelson KL, Hunt EA. Recognition and treatment of unstable supraventricular tachycardia by pediatric residents in a simulation scenario. Sim Healthc. 2008;3:4–9.
Dhara VR, Dhara R. The Union Carbide disaster in Bhopal: a review of health effects. Arch Environ Health. 2002;57:391–404.
Dhara VR, Gassert TH. The Bhopal syndrome: persistent questions about acute toxicity and management of gas victims. Int J Occup Environ Health. 2002;8:380–6.
Okumura T, Suzuki K, Fukuda A, et al. The Tokyo subway sarin attack: disaster management, part 1: community emergency response. Acad Emerg Med. 1998;5:613–7.
Morita H, Yanagisawa N, Nakajima T, et al. Sarin poisoning in Matsumoto, Japan. Lancet. 1995;346:290–3.
Nozaki H, Hori S, Shinozawa Y, et al. Secondary exposure of medical staff to sarin vapor in the emergency room. Intensive Care Med. 1995;21:1032–5.
Subbarao I, Johnson C, Bond WF, et al. Symptom-based, algorithmic approach for handling the initial encounter with victims of a potential terrorist attack. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2005;20:301–8.
Bond WF, Subbarao I, Schwid HA, Bair AE, Johnson C. Using screen-based computer simulation to develop and test a civilian, symptom-based terrorism triage algorithm. International Trauma Care (ITACCS). 2006;16:19–25.
Michels P, Gravenstein D, Westenskow DR. An integrated graphic data display improves detection and identification of critical events during anesthesia. J Clin Monit. 1997;13:249–59.
Smith NT, Davidson TM. BODY Simulation. San Clemente: Copyright Advanced Simulation Corporation; 1994.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ventre, K.M., Schwid, H.A. (2013). Computer and Web Based Simulators. In: Levine, A.I., DeMaria, S., Schwartz, A.D., Sim, A.J. (eds) The Comprehensive Textbook of Healthcare Simulation. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5993-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5993-4_14
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-5992-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-5993-4
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)