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Role of Galectin-3 Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure

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Cardiac Remodeling

Part of the book series: Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease ((ABHD,volume 5))

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Abstract

Myocardial injuries stemming from pressure overload or myocardial infarction lead to cardiac remodeling and represent major health problems worldwide. An ever accumulating body of experimental and clinical research appoints galectin-3, a β-galactoside-binding lectin, as a key player in this maladaptive response to myocardial injury. Herein, a specific role for galectin-3 in inflammation and fibrogenesis has been elucidated in experimental and clinical studies. Galectin-3 was first associated with pathological conditions leading to cardiac remodeling, such as inflammation and fibrosis. Then, as the carbohydrate recognition domain of galectin-3 reacts with glycosylated proteins such as laminin, fibronectin, and tenascin, a multifunctional role of galectin-3 in the extracellular matrix was postulated. Notably, experimental animal studies clearly showed that galectin-3 is a mediator of crucial steps in fibrogenesis and further induces cardiac inflammation, hypertrophy, and dysfunction. Possible mechanisms pertaining to galectin-3 inflammatory and fibrotic properties have been suggested to involve macrophage activation, galectin-3-induced chemotaxis, and activation of the TGF-β–Smad3 signaling pathways. Additionally, the link between plasma galectin-3 and fibrosis was also established in clinical biomarker studies. Galectin-3 and its pathways may be explored further in order to develop more efficient strategies to target cardiac remodeling in heart failure leading to fibrosis.

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Acknowledgment

We thank Maxi Meissner, Ph.D., for her assistance in preparing this manuscript.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 30.001, Groningen, 9700, RB, The Netherlands

    Lili Yu & Rudolf A. de Boer M.D., Ph.D., F.E.S.C.

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  1. Lili Yu
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  2. Rudolf A. de Boer M.D., Ph.D., F.E.S.C.
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Rudolf A. de Boer M.D., Ph.D., F.E.S.C. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Walter MacKenzie Health Sciences Centre, Division of Cardiology, University of Alberta, 8440-112 Street, Edmonton, T6G 2B7, Alberta, Canada

    Bodh I. Jugdutt

  2. St. Boniface General Hospital Research C, Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, Tache Avenue 351, Winnipeg, R2H 2A6, Manitoba, Canada

    Naranjan S. Dhalla

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Disclosures

BG Medicine Inc. (BGM, Waltham, MA, USA) holds certain rights with respect to the use of galectin-3 in heart failure. The UMCG, Department of Cardiology, which employs the authors, received research grants from BGM. Dr. de Boer received consultancy fees from BGM.

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Yu, L., de Boer, R.A. (2013). Role of Galectin-3 Pathways in the Pathogenesis of Cardiac Remodeling and Heart Failure. In: Jugdutt, B., Dhalla, N. (eds) Cardiac Remodeling. Advances in Biochemistry in Health and Disease, vol 5. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5930-9_6

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