Abstract
Hypoxia is a central component of the tumor microenvironment and represents a major source of therapeutic failure in cancer therapy. Recent work has provided a wealth of evidence that noncoding RNAs and, in particular, microRNAs, are significant members of the adaptive response to low oxygen in tumors. All published studies agree that miR-210 specifically is a robust target of hypoxia-inducible factors, and the induction of miR-210 is a consistent characteristic of the hypoxic response in normal and transformed cells. Overexpression of miR-210 is detected in most solid tumors and has been linked to adverse prognosis in patients with soft-tissue sarcoma, breast, head and neck, and pancreatic cancer. A wide variety of miR-210 targets have been identified, pointing to roles in the cell cycle, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism, angiogenesis, DNA damage response, and cell survival. Additional microRNAs seem to be modulated by low oxygen in a more tissue-specific fashion, adding another layer of complexity to the vast array of protein-coding genes regulated by hypoxia.
Keywords
- Hypoxia
- microRNA
- Cancer
- Biomarker
- miR-210
- Mitochondria
- Apoptosis
- Metabolism
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Acknowledgments
This work is supported in part by funding from the National Institutes of Health (NIH 1R01 CA155332-01 to M.I.) and the American Cancer Society (M.I., X.H.). X.H. is a Liz Tilberis Scholar of the Ovarian Cancer Research Fund.
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Ivan, M., Huang, X. (2014). miR-210: Fine-Tuning the Hypoxic Response. In: Koumenis, C., Hammond, E., Giaccia, A. (eds) Tumor Microenvironment and Cellular Stress. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 772. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5915-6_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5915-6_10
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