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Lithium Ion Batteries, Electrochemical Reactions in

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Batteries for Sustainability

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Abstract

Despite their spectacular success in portable electronics applications, continued technical advances of lithium-ion batteries are crucial to establishing large-scale storage applications such as electric vehicles and enabling development of renewable intermittent energy sources, i.e., wind and solar. Paramount considerations in realizing scaled-up battery systems are safety, cost, energy density, and service lifetime. Some of these applications also require rapid charge and discharge capability. To move beyond the current generation of lithium-ion batteries, it is necessary to understand some of the outstanding materials issues of the individual components (i.e., electrodes and electrolytes) as well as the battery system as a whole where the components interact under conditions of elevated temperature and electric current flow.

This chapter was originally published as part of the Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology edited by Robert A. Meyers. DOI:10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3

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Abbreviations

Diffraction:

A phenomenon which occurs when a propagating wave encounters or interacts with an object. Diffraction techniques have become a standard method for the investigation of the atomic structure of matter.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR):

A condition in which magnetic nuclei in the presence of an external magnetic field absorb and reemit electromagnetic radiation (in the radiofrequency regime). The energy absorbed depends on the strength of the magnetic field and a number of chemical and structural properties of the matter under investigation.

Photoelectron:

The electrons ejected from matter after having absorbed electromagnetic radiation of a particular wavelength.

Relaxation:

The process by which a system returns to equilibrium after a perturbation, usually characterized by a specific time t.

Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI):

Electrolyte decomposition products, both organic and inorganic, that form a protective layer on the electrodes (predominantly the anode) of lithium-ion batteries which is necessary for optimal performance and cell longevity.

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Further Readings

  • Balbuena PB, Wang Y (2004) Lithium-ion batteries: solid electrolyte interphase. Imperial College Press, London

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  • Linden D, Reddy TB (2002) Handbook of batteries, 3rd edn. McGraw-Hill, New York

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank past and present members of the solid-state NMR group at Hunter College for their contributions and gratefully acknowledge support from the US Department of Energy and the U.S. Office of Naval Research.

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  1. Department of Physics and Astronomy, Hunter College of CUNY, 695 Park Ave, New York, NY, 10065-5024, USA

    Paul J. Sideris & Steve G. Greenbaum

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  1. Paul J. Sideris
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Correspondence to Paul J. Sideris .

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    Ralph J. Brodd

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Sideris, P.J., Greenbaum, S.G. (2013). Lithium Ion Batteries, Electrochemical Reactions in. In: Brodd, R. (eds) Batteries for Sustainability. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5791-6_8

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