Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Place Matters: LGB Families in Community Context

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
LGBT-Parent Families

Abstract

Lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals and their families are often presumed to live in urban “gay Meccas” rather than nonmetropolitan and more rural parts of the USA. However, this urban stereotype is simply not true, particularly for LGB-parented families. LGB parents and their children live in a diversity of community settings, and these communities vary in their levels of support for LGB families. The purpose of this chapter is to document what is known about how the daily lives of LGB families are differentially impacted by where they live. Using minority stress theory, we examine the influences of geographical and demographic diversity as well as community climate, which includes legal, religious, political, workplace, and educational dimensions. Furthermore, we discuss how communities can change to be more LGB affirming.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 49.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 64.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    In a different publication, this research team reported parallel results for lesbian mothers’ interactions with healthcare providers (McNair et al., 2008).

References

  • Albelda, R., Badgett, M.V. L., Gates, G., & Schneebaum, A. (2009). Poverty in the lesbian, gay, and bisexual community. UCLA: Williams Institute. Retrieved from http://www2.law.ucla.edu/williamsinstitute/pdf/LGBPovertyReport.pdf

  • Altman, I., & Low, S. (Eds.). (1992). Place attachment. New York, NY: Plenum.

    Google Scholar 

  • American Fact Finder (n.d.). Selected social characteristics in the United States: 2005–2009. Retrieved from http://factfinder.census.gov/servlet/ADPTable?_bm=y&-geo_id=01000US&-qr_name=ACS_2009_5YR_G00_DP5YR2&-ds_name=ACS_2009_5YR_G00_&-_lang=en&-_sse=on

  • Arm, J. R., Horne, S. G., & Leavitt, H. M. (2009). Negotiating connection to GLBT experience: Family members’ experience of anti-GLBT movements and policies. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 82–96. doi:10.1037/a0012813

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asian American Federation of New York. (2004). Asian Pacific American same-sex households: A census report on New York, San Francisco, and Los Angeles. New York: C. J. Huang Foundation. Retrieved from http://www.hawaii.edu/hivandaids/Asian_Pacific_Am_Same-Sex_Households__A_Census_Report_On_NY,_SF_LA.pdf

  • Association of Religion Data Archives. (2000a). US membership report. Retrieved from http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/reports/US_2000.asp

  • Association of Religion Data Archives. (2000b). American denominations: Profiles. Retrieved from http://www.thearda.com/Denoms/Families/

  • Association of Religion Data Archives. (2000c). Evangelical denominations: Total number of congregations (2000). Retrieved from http://www.thearda.com/mapsReports/maps/map.asp?state=101&variable=7

  • Baptist Peace Fellowship. (2010). Statement on justice and sexual orientation. Retrieved from http://www.bpfna.org/sxorient#Baptist_Peace_Fellowship_Statement_on_Justice_and_Sexual_Orientation

  • Baumle, A. K., Compton, D. R., & Poston, D. L. (2009). Same-sex partners: The demography of sexual orientation. New York: SUNY Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, M., & Battle, J. (2001). “We can see them but we can’t hear them”: LGBT members of African American families. In M. Bernstein & R. Reimann (Eds.), Queer families queer politics: Challenging culture and the state (pp. 53–67). New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berkowitz, D. (2008, November). Schools, parks, and playgrounds: Gay fathers negotiate public and private spaces. Paper presented at the National Council on Family Relations in Little Rock, AK.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bos, H. M. W., Gartrell, N. K., Peyser, H., & van Balen, F. (2008). The USA National Longitudinal Lesbian Family Study (NFFLS): Homophobia, psychological adjustment, and protective factors. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 12, 455–471. doi: 10.1080/10894160802278630

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bos, H. M. W., van Balen, F., van den Boom, D. C., & Sandfort, T. G. M. (2004). Minority stress, experience of parenthood and child adjustment in lesbian families. Journal of Reproductive and Infant Psychology, 22, 291–304. doi: 10.1080/02646830412331298350

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Button, S. B. (2001). Organizational efforts to affirm sexual diversity: A cross-level examination. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 17–28. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.1.17

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cianciotto, J. (2005). Hispanic and Latino same-sex households in the United States: A report from the 2000 Census. Washington, D.C.: NGLTF Policy Institute and the National Latino/a Coalition for Justice. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/reports/HispanicLatinoHouse-holdsUS.pdf

  • Comstock, G. D. (1993). Gay theology without apology. Cleveland, OH: Pilgrim Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dang, A., & Frazer, S. (2005). Black same-sex households in the United States (2nd edition): A report from the 2000 Census. Washington, D.C.: NGLTF Policy Institute and the National Black Justice Coalition. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/reports/2000BlackSameSexHouseholds.pdf

  • De Reus, L. A., Few, A. L., & Blume, L. B. (2005). Multicultural and critical race feminisms: Theorizing families in the third wave. In V. L. Bengtson, A. C. Acock, K. R. Allen, P. Dilworth-Anderson, & D. M. Klein (Eds.), Sourcebook of family theory and research (pp. 447–460). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Economic Research Service (2007). Measuring rurality: Urban influence codes. United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved from http://www.ers.usda.gov/Briefing/Rurality/UrbanInf/

  • Economic Research Service. (2004). Rural America at a glance, 2004. Retrieved from http://webarchives.cdlib.org/sw15d8pg7m/ http://ers.usda.gov/publications/AIB793/AIB793_lowres.pdf

    Google Scholar 

  • Ellison, C. G., & Musick, M. A. (1993). Southern intolerance: A fundamentalist effect? Social Forces, 72, 379–398. doi: 10.2307/2579853

    Google Scholar 

  • Fetner, T., & Kush, K. (2008). Gay-straight alliances in high schools: Social predictors of early adoption. Youth and Society, 40, 114–130. doi:10.1177/0044118X07308073

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Florida, R. (2010, August 25). Where the creative jobs will be. The Atlantic. Retrieved from http://www.­theatlantic.com/business/archive/2010/08/where-the-creative-class-jobs-will-be/61468/

  • Florida, R., & Gates, G. (2002). Technology and tolerance: The importance of diversity to high-technology growth. Washington, DC: The Brookings Institution.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gates, G. J., & Ost, J. (2004). The gay and lesbian atlas. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gay, Lesbian, Straight Education Network. (2001). National school climate survey. New York: Author.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, A. E. (2007). Talking about family: Disclosure practices of adults raised by lesbian, gay, and bisexual parents. Journal of Family Issues, 28, 100–131. doi:10.1177/0192513X06293606

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, A. E. (2009). Lesbian and heterosexual preadoptive couples’ openness to transracial adoption. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 79, 103–117. doi:10.1037/a0015354

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldberg, A. E., & Smith, J. Z. (2011). Stigma, social context, and mental health: lesbian and gay couples across the transition to adoptive parenthood. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 58, 139–150. doi:10.1037/a0021684

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griffith, K. H., & Hebl, M. R. (2002). The disclosure dilemma for gay men and lesbians: “Coming out” at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87, 1191–1199. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.87.6.1191

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatzenbuehler, M. L., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S. (2009). State-level policies and psychiatric morbidity in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations. American Journal of Public Health, 99, 2275–2281. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2008.153510

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hatzenbuehler, M. L., McLaughlin, K. A., Keyes, K. M., & Hasin, D. S. (2010). The impact of institutional discrimination on psychiatric disorders in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: A prospective study. American Journal of Public Health, 100, 452–459. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.168815

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herek, G. M. (2002). Heterosexuals’ attitudes toward bisexual men and women in the United States. Journal of Sex Research, 39, 264–274. doi: 10.1080/00224490209552150

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herek, G. M., & Gonzalez-Rivera, M. (2006). Attitudes toward homosexuality among U.S. residents of Mexican descent. Journal of Sex Research, 43, 122–135. doi: 10.1080/00224490609552307

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Herek, G. M. (2009). Hate crimes and stigma-related experiences among sexual minority adults in the United States: Prevalence estimates from a national probability sample. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 24, 54–74. doi:10.1177/0886260508316477

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holman, E. G., & Oswald, R. F. (2011). Nonmetropolitan GLBTQ Parents: When and where does their sexuality matter? Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 7(5), 436–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Horne, S. G., Rostosky, S. S., Riggle, E. D. B., & Martens, M. P. (2010). What was Stonewall? The role of GLB knowledge in marriage amendment-related affect and activism among family members of GLB individuals. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 6, 349–364. doi:10.1080/1550428X.2010.511066

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Huffington Post. (2011, January 31). Illinois civil unions law: Governor Quinn will sign historic legislation today. Retrieved from http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/01/31/illinois-civil-unions-law_n_816243.html

  • Human Rights Campaign. (2008). State of the workplace 2007–2008. Retrieved from http://www.hrc.org/documents/HRC_Foundation_State_of_the_Workplace_2007-2008.pdf

  • MCC Family in Christ (2010). Metropolitan Community Church Family in Christ: Our history and purpose. Retrieved from http://www.fortnet.org/mccfic/aboutus.htm

  • Klawitter, M. M. and Flatt, V. (1998), The effects of state and local antidiscrimination policies on earnings for gays and lesbians. Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, 17, 658–686.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kosciw, J. C., & Diaz, E. M. (2008). Involved, invisible, ignored: The experiences of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender parents and their children in our nation’s K—12 schools. New York: GLSEN in partnership with COLAGE and the Family Equality Council.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lev, A. I., Dean, G., De Filippis, L., Evernham, K., McLaughlin, L., & Phillips, C. (2005). Dykes and tykes: A virtual lesbian parenting community. Journal of Lesbian Studies, 9, 81–94. doi:10.1300/J155v09n01_08

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lewis, G. B. (2003). Black-white differences in attitudes toward homosexuality and gay rights. Public Opinion Quarterly, 67, 59–78. doi:10.1086/346009

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay, J., Perlesz, A., Brown, R., McNair, R., de Vaus, D., & Pitts, M. (2006). Stigma or respect: Lesbian-parented families negotiating school settings. Sociology, 40, 1059–1077. doi:10.1177/0038038506069845

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindstrom, M. (2004). Social capital, the miniaturization of community and self-reported global and psychological health. Social Science & Medicine, 59, 595–607. doi:10.1016/j.socscimed.2003.11.006

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lockard, D. (1985). The lesbian community: An anthropological approach. Journal of Homosexuality, 11(3/4), 83–95. doi:10.1300/J082v11n03_06

    Google Scholar 

  • Marín, B. V. (2003). HIV prevention in the Hispanic community: Sex, culture, and empowerment. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, 14, 186–192. doi: 10.1177/1043659603014003005

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKinnon, J. (2001). Census 2000 brief: The Black population. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/prod/2001pubs/c2kbr01-5.pdf

  • McLaren, S. (2009). Sense of belonging to the general and lesbian communities as predictors of depression among lesbians. Journal of Homosexuality, 56, 1–13. doi: 10.1080/00918360802551365

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McLaren, S., Jude, B., & McLachlan, A. J. (2008). Sense of belonging to the general and gay communities as predictors of depression among gay men. International Journal of Men’s Health, 7, 90–99. doi:10.3149/jmh.0701.90

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McNair, R., Brown, R., Perlesz, A., Lindsay, J., De Vaus, D., & Pitts, M. (2008). Lesbian parents negotiating the health care system in Australia. Health Care for Women International, 29, 91–114. doi: 10.1080/07399330701827094

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Meyer, I. H. (2003). Prejudice, social stress, and mental health in lesbian, gay, and bisexual populations: Conceptual issues and research evidence. Psychological Bulletin, 129, 674–697. doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.5.674

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2008a). Second-parent adoption in the U.S. No longer available on line.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2008b). Anti-adoption laws in the U.S. No longer available on line.

    Google Scholar 

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2009a). State nondiscrimination laws in the U.S. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/issue_maps/non_discrimination_7_09_color.pdf

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2009b). Hate crime laws in the U.S. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/issue_maps/hate_crimes_7_09_color.pdf

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2009c). Foster care laws and regulations in the U.S. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/issue_maps/foster_care_regs_7_09_color.pdf

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2009d). State laws prohibiting recognition of same-sex relationships. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/issue_maps/samesex_relationships_7_09.pdf

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force. (2010). Relationship recognition for same-sex couples in the U.S. Retrieved from http://www.thetaskforce.org/downloads/reports/issue_maps/rel_recog_9_10_color.pdf

  • National Gay and Lesbian Task Force (NGLTF). (2005). Domestic violence laws in the U.S. No longer available on line.

    Google Scholar 

  • O’Connell, M., & Lofquist, D. (2009, May). Counting same-sex couples: Official estimates and unofficial guesses. Paper presented at the Population Association of America, Detroit, Michigan. Retrieved from http://www.census.gov/population/www/socdemo/files/counting-paper.pdf

  • Oswald, R. F. (2001). Religion, family, and ritual: The production of gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgendered outsiders-within. Review of Religious Research, 43, 39–50. doi:10.2307/3512242

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, R. F., & Culton, L. (2003). Under the rainbow: Rural gay life and its relevance for family providers. Family Relations, 52, 72–79. doi:10.1111/j.1741-3729.2003.00072.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, R. F., Cuthbertson, C., Lazarevic, V., & Goldberg, A. E. (2010). New developments in the field: Measuring community climate. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 6, 214–228. doi: 10.1080/15504281003709230

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, R. F., Goldberg, A. E., Kuvalanka, K., & Clausell, E. (2008). Structural and moral commitment among same-sex couples: Relationship duration, religiosity, and parental status. Journal of Family Psychology, 22, 411–419. doi:10.1037/0893-3200.22.3.411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, R. & Kuvalanka, K. (2008). Same-sex couples: Legal complexities. Journal of Family Issues, 29, 1051–1066.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oswald, R. F., & Lazarevic, V. (2011). You live where? Lesbian mothers’ attachment to nonmetropolitan communities. Family Relations, 60, 373–386.

    Google Scholar 

  • Prokos, A. H., & Keene, J. R. (2010). Poverty among cohabiting gay and lesbian, and married and cohabiting heterosexual families. Journal of Family Issues, 31, 934–959. doi:11.1177/0192513X09360176

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ragins, B. R., & Cornwell, J. M. (2001). Pink triangles: Antecedents and consequences of perceived workplace discrimination against gay and lesbian employees. Journal of Applied Psychology, 86, 1244–1261. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.86.6.1244

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Riggle, E. D. B., Rostosky, S. S., & Horne, S. G. (2009). Marriage amendments and lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals in the 2006 election. Sexuality Research and Social Policy, 6(1), 80–89. doi:10.1525/srsp. 2009.6.1.80

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Riggle, E. D. B., Rostosky, S. S., & Horne, S. G. (2010). Psychological distress, well-being, and legal recognition in same-sex couple relationships. Journal of Family Psychology, 24, 82–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez, E. M. (2010). At the intersection of church and gay: A review of the psychological research on gay and lesbian Christians. Journal of Homosexuality, 57, 5–38. doi: 10.1080/00918360903445806

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Romer v. Evans, (1996). 517 U.S. 620 Retrieved from http://supreme.justia.com/us/517/620/case.html

  • Rosario, M., Hunter, J., Maguen, S., Gwadz, M., & Smith, R. (2001). The coming-out process and its adaptational and health-related associations among gay, lesbian, and bisexual youths: Stipulation and exploration of a model. American Journal of Community Psychology, 29, 133–160. doi:10.1023/A:1005205630978

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostosky, S. S., Otis, M. D., Riggle, E. D. B., Brumett, S. K., & Brodnicki, C. (2008). An exploratory study of religiosity and same-sex couple relationships. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 4(1), 17–36. doi: 10.1080/15504280802084407

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostosky, S. S., & Riggle, E. D. B. (2002). ‘Out’ at work: The relation of actor and partner workplace policy and internalized homophobia to disclosure status. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 411–419. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.49.4.411

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostosky, S. S., Riggle, E. D. B., Horne, S. G., Denton, F. N., & Huellemeier, J. D. (2010). Lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals’ psychological reactions to amendments denying access to civil marriage. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 80, 302–310. doi:10.1111/j.1939-0025.2010.01033.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rostosky, S. S., Riggle, E. D. B., Horne, S. G., & Miller, A. D. (2009). Marriage amendments and psychological distress in lesbian, gay, and bisexual adults. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 56, 56–66. doi:10.1037/a0013609

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Russell, G. M., Bohan, J. S., McCarroll, M. C., & Smith, N. G. (2010). Trauma, recovery, and community: Perspectives on the long-term impact of anti-LGBT politics. Traumatology. doi:10.1177/1534765610362799 Advance online publication.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russell, G. M., & Richards, J. A. (2003). Stressor and resilience factors for lesbians, gay men, and bisexuals confronting antigay politics. American Journal of Community Psychology, 31, 313–328. doi:10.1023/A:1023919022811

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schuck, K. D., & Liddle, B. J. (2001). Religious conflicts experienced by lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals. Journal of Gay and Lesbian Psychotherapy, 5(2), 63–82. doi:10.1300/J236v05n02_07

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, D. N., Peterson, C., & Stewart, A. J. (2009). Legal and social contexts and mental health among lesbian and heterosexual mothers. Journal of Family Psychology, 23, 255–262. doi:10.1037/a0014973

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shecter, E., Tracy, A. J., Page, K. V., & Luong, G. (2008). Shall we marry? Legal marriage as a commitment event in same-sex relationships. Journal of Homosexuality, 54, 400–422. doi: 10.1080/00918360801991422

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Short, L. (2007). Lesbian mothers living well in the context of heterosexism and discrimination: Resources, strategies, and legislative change. Feminism and Psychology, 17, 57–74. doi:10.1177/0959353507072912

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Siker, J. S. (2007). Homosexuality and religion: An encyclopedia. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, N. G., & Ingram, K. M. (2004). Workplace heterosexism and adjustment among lesbian, gay, and bisexual individuals: The role of unsupportive social interactions. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 51, 57–67. doi:10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.57

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sullivan, M. (2004). The family of woman: Lesbian mothers, their children, and the undoing of gender. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tavernise, S. (2011, January 18). Parenting by gays more common in the South, Census shows. The New York Times. Retrieved from http://www.nytimes.com/2011/01/19/us/19gays.html?_r=1&ref=sabrinatavernise

  • Tejeda, M. J. (2006). Nondiscrimination policies and sexual identity disclosure: Do they make a difference in employee outcomes? Employee Responsibilities and Rights Journal, 18(1), 45–59. doi:10.1007/s10672-005-9004-5

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Gelderen, L., Gartrell, N., Bos, H., & Hermanns, J. (2009). Stigmatization and resilience in adolescent children of lesbian mothers. Journal of GLBT Family Studies, 5, 268–279. doi: 10.1080/15504280903035761

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wellman, B. (2002). Physical place and cyberplace: The rise of personalized networking. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 25, 227–252. 10.1111/1468-2427.00309.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wheaton, L., & Tashi, J. (2004). Poverty Facts 2004. Washington, DC: The Urban Institute. Retrieved from http://www.urban.org/publications/411654.html

  • Wood, P. B., & Bartkowski, J. P. (2004). Attribution style and public policy attitudes toward gay rights. Social Science Quarterly, 85, 58–73. doi:10.1111/j.0038-4941.2004.08501005.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yakushko, O. (2005). Influence of social support, existential well-being, and stress over sexual orientation on self-esteem of gay, lesbian, and bisexual individuals. International Journal for the Advancement of Counseling, 27, 131–143. doi:10.1007/s10447-005-2259-6

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yip, A. (1997). Dare to differ: Gay and lesbian Catholics’ assessment of official Catholic positions on sexuality. Sociology of Religion, 58, 165–180. doi:10.2307/3711875

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Human and Community Development, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 263 Bevier Hall, MC-180, 905 South Goodwin Avenue, Urbana, IL, 61801, USA

    Ramona Faith Oswald Ph.D. & Elizabeth Grace Holman M.S., M.S.W.

Authors
  1. Ramona Faith Oswald Ph.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Elizabeth Grace Holman M.S., M.S.W.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ramona Faith Oswald Ph.D. .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. , Department of Psychology, Clark University, 950 Main Street, Worcester, 01610, Massachusetts, USA

    Abbie E. Goldberg

  2. , Department of Human Development, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State, 401C Wallace Hall (0416), Blacksburg, 24061, Virginia, USA

    Katherine R. Allen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2013 Springer Science+Business Media New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Oswald, R.F., Holman, E.G. (2013). Place Matters: LGB Families in Community Context. In: Goldberg, A., Allen, K. (eds) LGBT-Parent Families. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-4556-2_13

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation