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Neural Development and Stem Cells pp 201–222Cite as

Stem Cells of the Adult Olfactory Epithelium

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Part of the book series: Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine ((STEMCELL))

Abstract

The capacity of the olfactory epithelium to recover after injury, and more specifically to reconstitute its population of sensory neurons, implies that the adult tissue retains stem cells that are competent to make neurons. Recent evidence, summarized here, indicates that the adult tissue stem cells retain a potency that is equivalent, or nearly so, to the cells of the olfactory placode, which are the embryonic precursors of the peripheral olfactory system. Moreover, there appears to be two distinct types of basal cells that are the best candidates for olfactory stem cells on the grounds of multipotency, self-renewal (at least partial), and mitotic quiescence. One stem cell candidate is a subset of the heterogeneous class of basal cells called globose basal cells that are unique to the olfactory epithelium. The other stem cell candidate is the population of horizontal basal cells, which closely resemble the basal cells of other epithelia. Sensible therapeutic exploitation of olfactory stem cells will require that they be characterized more precisely and isolated with greater facility.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank present and past members of the Schwob laboratory for their myriad contributions to the success of this work. The laboratory’s work and the preparation of the review were supported by grants from the NIH R01 DC002167, R01 DC010242, and R21 DC010920.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, USA

    James E. Schwob, Woochan Jang & Eric H. Holbrook

  2. Department of Otology and Larnyngology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Eric H. Holbrook

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  1. James E. Schwob
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Correspondence to James E. Schwob .

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    Mohan C. Vemuri

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Schwob, J.E., Jang, W., Holbrook, E.H. (2012). Stem Cells of the Adult Olfactory Epithelium. In: Rao, M., Carpenter, M., Vemuri, M. (eds) Neural Development and Stem Cells. Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3801-4_8

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