Abstract
Background and Aims
Glutathione S-transferase pi isoform (GSTP1) is an intracellular detoxification enzyme that catalyzes reduction of chemically reactive electrophiles and is a zeaxanthin-binding protein in the human macula. We have previously demonstrated that GSTP1 levels are decreased in human age-related macular degeneration (AMD) retina compared to normal controls (Joshi et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, e-abstract, 2009). We also showed that GSTP1 levels parallel survival of human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells exposed to ultraviolet (UV) light, and GSTP1 over-expression protects them against UV light damage (Joshi et al., Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci, e-abstract, 2010). In the present work, we determined the developmental time course of GSTP1 expression in murine retina and in response to light challenge.
Methods
Eyes from BALB/c mice at postnatal day 20, 1 month, and 2 months of age were prepared for retinal protein extraction and cryo sectioning, and GSTP1 levels in the retina were analyzed by Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC). Another group of BALB/c mice with the same age ranges was exposed to 1000 lx of white fluorescent light for 24 h, and their retinas were analyzed for GSTP1 expression by Western blot and IHC in a similar manner.
Results
GSTP1 levels in the murine retina increased in ascending order from postnatal day 20, 1 month, and 2 months of age. Moreover, GSTP1 expression in murine retina at postnatal day 20, 1 month, and 2 months of age increased in response to brief light exposure compared to age-matched controls under normal condition.
Conclusions
GSTP1 expression in retina increases with developmental age in mice and accompanies murine retinal maturation. Brief exposure to light induces GSTP1 expression in the murine retina across various developmental ages. GSTP1 induction may be a protective response to light-induced oxidative damage in the murine retina.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Joshi PM, Franko M, Dubovy S, Bhattacharya SK, Lee W-H (2009) Decreased expression of GSTP1 in the macula leads to AMD pathogenesis. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2009:ARVO E-Abstract 2346
Joshi PM, Dubovy S, Bhattacharya SK, Lee W-H (2010) Glutathione S-Transferase Pi isoform (GSTP1) expression plays a role in the health of retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. ARVO eAbstract 51:4105
Mannervik B, Awasthi YC, Board PG, Hayes JD, Di Ilio C, Ketterer B, Listowsky I, Morgenstern R, Muramatsu M, Pearson WR, Pickett CB, Sato K, Widersten M, Wolf CR (2007) Nomenclature for human glutathione transferases. Biochem J 282(Pt 1):305–306
Bhosale P, Larson AJ, Frederick JM, Southwick K, Thulin CD, Bernstein PS (2004) Identification and characterization of a Pi isoform of glutathione S-transferase (GSTP1) as a zeaxanthin-binding protein in the macula of the human eye. J Biol Chem 279(47):49447–49454
Ritchie KJ, Henderson CJ, Wang XJ, Vassieva O, Carrie D, Farmer PB, Gaskell M, Park K, Wolf CR (2007) Glutathione transferase pi plays a critical role in the development of lung carcinogenesis following exposure to tobacco-related carcinogens and urethane. Cancer Res 67(19):9248–9257
Huang J, Tan PH, Tan BK, Bay BH (2004) GST-pi expression correlates with oxidative stress and apoptosis in breast cancer. Oncol Rep 12(4):921–925
Matsui A, Ikeda T, Enomoto K, Hosoda K, Nakashima H, Omae K, Watanabe M, Hibi T, Kitajima M (2000) Increased formation of oxidative DNA damage, 8-hydroxy-2ʹ-deoxyguanosine, in human breast cancer tissue and its relationship to GSTP1 and COMT genotypes. Cancer Lett 151(1):87–95
Fryer AA, Ramsay HM, Lovatt TJ, Jones PW, Hawley CM, Nicol DL, Strange RC, Harden PN (2005) Polymorphisms in glutathione S-transferases and non-melanoma skin cancer risk in Australian renal transplant recipients. Carcinogenesis 26(1):185–191
Lee WH, Morton RA, Epstein JI, Brooks JD, Campbell PA, Bova GS, Hsieh WS, Isaacs WB, Nelson WG (1994) Cytidine methylation of regulatory sequences near the pi-class glutathione S-transferase gene accompanies human prostatic carcinogenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 91(24):11733–11737
Conklin DJ, Haberzettl P, Prough RA, Bhatnagar A (2009) Glutathione-S-transferase P protects against endothelial dysfunction induced by exposure to tobacco smoke. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 296:1586–1597
Whitlon DS, Wright LS, Nelson SA, Szakaly R, Siegel FL (1999) Maturation of cochlear glutathione-S-transferases correlates with the end of the sensitive period for ototoxicity. Hear Res 137:43–50
Martinez-Lara E, Siles E, Hernandez R, Canuelo AR, del Moral ML, Jimenez A, Blanco S, Lopez-Ramos JC, Esteban FJ, Pedrosa JA, Peinado MA (2003) Glutathione S-transferase isoenzymatic response to aging in rat cerebral cortex and cerebellum. Neurobiol Aging 24:501–509
Tamura Y, Kataoka Y, Cui Y, Takamori Y, Watanabe Y, Yamada H (2007) Intracellular translocation of glutathione S-transferase pi during oligodendrocyte differentiation in adult rat cerebral cortex in vivo. Neuroscience 148:535–540
Braustein RE, Sparrow JR (2005) A blue-blocking intraocular lens should be used in cataract surgery. Arch Ophthalmol 123:547–549
Gao X, Talalay P (2004) Induction of phase 2 genes by sulforaphane protects retinal pigment epithelial cells against photooxidative damage. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 101(28):10446–10451
Youn H-Y, Chou BR, Cullen AP, Sivak JG (2009) Effects of 400 nm, 420 nm, and 435.8 nm radiations on cultured human retinal pigment epithelial cells. J Photochem Photobiol B 95: 64–70
Organisciak DT, Darrow RM, Barsalou L, Kutty RK, Wiggert B (2003) Susceptibility to retinal light damage in transgenic rats with rhodopsin mutations. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 44(2):486–492
Grimm C, Wenzel A, Hafezi F, Yu S, Redmond TM, Remé CE (2000) Protection of Rpe65-deficient mice identifies rhodopsin as a mediator of light-induced retinal degeneration. Nat Genet 25(1):63–66
Rattner A, Toulabi L, Williams J, Yu H, Nathans J (2008) The genomic response of the retinal pigment epithelium to light damage and retinal detachment. J Neurosci 28(39):9880–9889.
Bazan NG (1989) The metabolism of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids in the eye: the possible role of docosahexaenoic acid and docosanoids in retinal physiology and ocular pathology. Prog Clin Biol Res 312:95–112
Dargel R (1992) Lipid peroxidation–a common pathogenetic mechanism? Exp Toxicol Pathol 44(4):169–181
Acknowledgments
We thank Gabriel Gaidosh for his assistance with confocal imaging. This work was supported in part by funds from NIH grant K08EY20864, Hope for Vision, SanBio, Inc., R01EY018586, NIH Center Core Grant P30EY14801, Research to Prevent Blindness Unrestricted Grant, and Department of Defense (DOD- Grant #W81XWH-09-1-0675).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2014 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
About this paper
Cite this paper
Lee, WH., Joshi, P., Wen, R. (2014). Glutathione S-Transferase Pi Isoform (GSTP1) Expression in Murine Retina Increases with Developmental Maturity. In: Ash, J., Grimm, C., Hollyfield, J., Anderson, R., LaVail, M., Bowes Rickman, C. (eds) Retinal Degenerative Diseases. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 801. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3209-8_4
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-3208-1
Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-3209-8
eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)