Skip to main content

Spatial Distribution of Arsenic in Groundwater of Southern Nepal

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 218

Abstract

Groundwater is a significant source of drinking water in virtually all parts of the world. Protected groundwater is safer to drink, in terms of microbiological quality, than is water from open dug wells and ponds (World Bank 2005). However, groundwater is notoriously prone to chemical and other types of contamination, such as arsenic (As) that derives from natural or anthropogenic sources.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Bisht SB, Khadka MS, Kansakar DR, Tuinhof A (2004) Study of arsenic contamination in irrigation tubewells in the Terai, Nepal. In: Kansakar DR (ed) Proceeding of the Seminar on Arsenic Study in Groundwater of Terai & Summary Project Report, Arsenic Testing and Finalization of Groundwater Legislation Project, 2003, 28 December, Kathmandu, Nepal. pp 31–47

    Google Scholar 

  • CBS (2004) Environment statistics of Nepal. Central Bureau of Statistics, Kathmandu, Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal

    Google Scholar 

  • Chaturvedi CP (2003) Arsenic testing and finalization of ground water legislation project. Department of Irrigation/Nepal Government, pp 1–15

    Google Scholar 

  • Dahal BM, Fuerhackerb M, Mentlera A, Shrestha RR, Bluma WEH (2008) Screening of arsenic in irrigation water used for vegetable production in Nepal. Arch Agron Soil Sci 54:41–51

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dixit A, Upadhya M (2005) Augmenting groundwater in Kathmandu valley: challenges and possibilities, Nepal Water Conservation Foundation 2005 http://www.iah.org/recharge/downloads/NepalpaperJan05final.pdf. (Accessed on 26 June 2008)

  • Gurung JK, Hiroaki I, Khadka MS (2005) Geological and geochemical examination of arsenic contamination in groundwater in the Holocene Terai Basin, Nepal. Environ Geol 49:98–113

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson G (1996) Urban groundwater database. AGSO Report, Australia 1996, http://www.clw.csiro.au/UGD/DB/Kathmandu/Kathmandu.html

  • JICA (1990) Groundwater management project in the Kathmandu Valley. Final Report to Nepal water supply cooperation 1990. Japan International Cooperation Agency

    Google Scholar 

  • Kansakar DR (2006) Understanding groundwater for proper utilization and management in Nepal. In: Sharma BR, Villholth KG, Sharma KD (eds) Groundwater research and management: integrating science into management decisions. In: Proceedings of IWMI-ITP-NIH International Workshop on “Creating Synergy between Groundwater Research and Management in South and Southeast Asia, 2005”, 8–9 February, Roorkee, India

    Google Scholar 

  • Kansakar DR (2004) Geologic and geomorphologic characteristics of arsenic contaminated groundwater areas in Terai, Nepal. In: Kansakar DR (ed) Proceeding of the seminar on arsenic study in groundwater of terai and summary project report, arsenic testing and finalization of groundwater legislation project. pp 31–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahat RK, Shrestha R (2008) Metal contamination in ground water of Dang district. Nepal J Sci Technol 9:143–148

    Google Scholar 

  • Mahat RK, Kharel RP (2009) Status of arsenic contamination and assessment of other probable heavy metal contamination in groundwater of Dang distrcit in Nepal. Scientific World 7:33–36

    Google Scholar 

  • NASC/ENPHO (2003) The state of arsenic in Nepal-2003, Kathmandu, Nepal: National Arsenic Steering Committee/Environment Public Health Organization

    Google Scholar 

  • NASC/UNICEF (2007) Report on blanket tube well testing in sunsari, Bara, Dhanusha, Rupandehi, Kailali and Kanchanpur Districts 2007. A report prepared for NASC/UNICEF by Genesis Consultancy (P) Ltd., Kathmandu

    Google Scholar 

  • Panthi SR, Sharma S, Mishra AK (2006) Recent status of arsenic contamination in groundwater of Nepal-a review. Kathmandu Univ J Sci Eng Technol 2:1–11

    Google Scholar 

  • Sharma S, Bajracharya RM, Sitaula BK, Merz J (2005) Water quality in the Central Himalaya. Curr Sci 89:774–786

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Shrestha RR, Shrestha MP, Upadhyay NP, Pradhan R, Khadka R, Maskey A, Maharjan M, Tuladhar S, Dahal BM, Shrestha K (2003) Groundwater arsenic contamination, its health impact and mitigation program in Nepal. J Environ Sci Health Part A 38:185–200

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • UNICEF (2006) Diluting the pain of arsenic poisoning in Nepal. Retrieved 11 12, 2007, from UNICEF Nepal-diluting the pain of arsenic poisoning in Nepal: http//www.unicef.org/inforbycountry/nepal_35975.html

  • Upadhyay SK (1993) Use of groundwater resources to alleviate poverty in Nepal: policy issues. In: Kahnert F, Levine G (eds) Groundwater irrigation and the rural poor: options for development in the Gangetic Basin. World Bank, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank (2005) Towards more effective operational response: arsenic contamination of groundwater in South and East Asian countries. Volume II – Technical Report, water and sanitation program, South Asia Region

    Google Scholar 

  • Yadav IC, Dhuldhaj UP, Mohan D, Singh S (2011) Current status of groundwater arsenic and its impacts on health and mitigation measures in the Terai basin of Nepal: an overview. Environ Rev 19:56–69

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

ICY is thankful to Indian Council for Cultural Relation (ICCR) for financial assistance in the form of South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) fellowship (F.N.8-2/09 10/SAARC/ISD-II). Thanks are also due to Genesis Consultancy, Kathmandu, and UNICEF Nepal, Kathmandu, for providing relevant data.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Surendra Singh .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Yadav, I.C. et al. (2012). Spatial Distribution of Arsenic in Groundwater of Southern Nepal. In: Whitacre, D. (eds) Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 218. Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol 218. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-3137-4_3

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics