Skip to main content

Nonlinear Modeling of Squeeze-Film Phenomena

in Microbeam MEMS

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Nonlinear Approaches in Engineering Applications

Abstract

Oscillating microplates attached to microbeams is the main part of many microresonators and micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). The sque-eze-film phenomena appears when the microplate is vibrating in a viscose medium. The phenomena can potentially change the design point and performance of the micro-system, although its effects on MEMS dynamic are considered secondary compared to main mechanical and electrical forces. In this investigation, we model the squeeze-film phenomena and present two nonlinear mathematical functions to define and model the restoring and damping behaviors of squeeze-film phenomena. Accepting an analytical approach, we present the mathematical modeling of microresonator dynamic and develop effective equations to be utilized to study the electrically actuated microresonators. Then employing the averaging perturbation method, we determine the frequency response of the microbeam and examine the effects of parameters on the resonator’s dynamics. The nonlinear model for MEMS includes the initial deflection due to polarization voltage, mid-plane stretching, and axial loads, as well as the nonlinear displacement coupling of the actuating electric force. The main purpose of this chapter is to present an applied model to simulate the squeeze-film phenomena, and introduce their design parameters.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Abdel-Rahman EA, Nayfeh AH, Younis MI (2004) Finite amplitude motions of beam resonators and their stability. J Comput Theoret Nanosci 1(4):385–391

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Abdel-Rahman EM, Younis MI, Nayfeh AH (2002) Characterization of the mechanicsl behavior of an electrically actuated microbeam. J Micromech Microeng 12:759–766

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrews M, Harris I, Turner G (1993) A comparison of squeeze-film theory with measurements on a microstructure. Sensors Actuators A 36:79–87

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Andrews MK, Harris PD (1995) Damping and gas viscosity measurements using a microstructure. Sensors Actuators A 49:103–108

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bao M, Yang H, Sun Y, French PJ (2003) Modified Reynolds equation and analytical analysis of squeeze-film air damping of perforated structures. J Micromech Microeng 13:795–800

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Blech JJ (1983) On isothermal squeeze-films. J Lubric Technol 105:615–620

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Burgdorfer A (1959) The influence of the molecular mean free path on the performance of hydrodynamic gas lubricated bearing. J Basic Eng 81:94–99

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen J, Kang SM (2000) An algorithm for automatic model reduction of nonlinear MEMS devices. Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium Circuits and Systems, 28–31 May 2000, pp 445–448

    Google Scholar 

  • Chen J, Kang S, Zou J, Liu C, Schutt-Ainé JE (2004) Reduced-order modeling of weakly nonlinear MEMS devices with Taylor-series expansion and Arnoldi approach. J Microelectromech Syst 13(3):441–451

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chen Y, White J (2000) A quadratic method for nonlinear model order reduction. Proceedings of the International Symposium on Modeling and Simulation of Microsystem Conference, March 2000

    Google Scholar 

  • Christopherson J, Jazar GN (2005) Optimization of classical hydraulic engine mounts based on RMS method. J Shock Vibr 12(12):119–147

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Darling RB, Hivick C, Xu J (1998) Compact analytical modeling of squeeze-film damping with arbitrary venting conditions using a green’s function approach. Sensors Actuators A 70:32–41

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Esmailzadeh E, Mehri B, Reza NJ (1997) Existence of periodic solution for equation of motion of simple beams with harmonically variable length. J Vibr Acoustics 119:485–488

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fedder GK (1994) Simulation Micromech Syst Ph.D. dissertation, University of California at Berkeley

    Google Scholar 

  • Golnaraghi MF, Jazar RN (2001) Development and analysis of a simplified nonlinear model of a hydraulic engine mount. J Vibr Control 7(4):495–526

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Griffin WS, Richardson HH, Yamanami S (1966) A study of fluid squeeze-film damping. ASME J Basic Eng D 88, 451–456.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta A, Denton JP, McNally H, Bashar R (2003) NovelFabrication method for surface micromachined thin single-crystal silicon cantilever beams. J Microelectromech Syst 12(2):185

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gupta RK, Senturia SD (1997) Pull-in time dynamics as a measure of absolute pressure. Proceedings of the tenth annual international workshop on micro electro mechanical systems, New York, NY, pp 290–294

    Google Scholar 

  • Harmany Z (2003) Effects of vacuum pressure on the response characteristics on MEMS cantilever structures. NSF EE REU PENN STATE Ann Res J I:54–64

    Google Scholar 

  • Houlihan R, Kraft M (2005) Modeling squeeze-film effects in a MEMS accelerometer with a levitated proof mass. J Micromech Microeng 15:893–902

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hung ES, Senturia SD (1999) Generating efficient dynamical models for microelectromechanical systems from a few finite element simulation runs. J Microelectromech Syst 8:280–289

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jazar RN, Golnaraghi MF (2002) Nonlinear modeling, experimental verification, and theoretical analysis of a hydraulic engine mount. J Vibr Control 8(1):87–116

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Khaled ARA, Vafai K, Yang M, Zhang X, Ozkan CS (2003) Analysis, control and augmentation of microcantilever deflections in bio-sensing systems. Sensors Actuators B 7092:1–13

    Google Scholar 

  • Langlois WE (1962) Isothermal squeeze-films. Q Appl Math 20:131–150

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Lyshevski SE (2001) Nano- and microelectromechanical systems, fundamentals of nano- and microengineering. CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida

    Google Scholar 

  • Madou MJ (2002) Fundamentals of microfabrication: the science of miniaturization, 2nd edn. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Mahmoudian N, Aagaah MR, Jazar RN, Mahinfalah M (2004) Dynamics of a micro electro mechanical system (MEMS). International conference on MEMS, NANO, and smart systems, Banff, Alberta - Canada, 25–27 August 2004

    Google Scholar 

  • Malatkar P (2003) Nonlinear vibrations of cantilever beams and plates. Ph.D. Thesis in Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

    Google Scholar 

  • Mukherjee T, Fedder GK, Blanton RD (1999) Hierarchical design and test of integrated microsystems. IEEE Design Test 16:18–27

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Najar F, Choura S, El-Borgi S, Abdel-Rahman EM, Nayfeh AH (2005) Modeling and design of variable-geometry electrostatic microactuators. J Micromech Microeng 15(3):419–429

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Nayfeh AH, Mook DT (1979) Nonlinear oscillations. Wiley, New York

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Nayfeh AH, Younis MI (2004a) Modeling and simulations of thermoelastic damping in microplates. J Micromech Microeng 14:1711–1717

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nayfeh AH and Younis MI (2004b) A new approach to the modeling and simulation of flexible microstructures under the effect of squeeze-film damping. J Micromech Microeng 14:170–181

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nayfeh AH, Younis MI, Abdel-Rahman EA (2005) Reduced-order modeling of MEMS. Third MIT conference on computational fluid and solid mechanics, Cambridge, MA, 14–17 June 2005

    Google Scholar 

  • Pan F, Kubby J, Peeters E, Tan A, Mukherjee S (1998) Squeeze film damping effect on the dynamic response of a MEMS torsion mirror. J Micromech Microeng 8(3i):200–208

    Google Scholar 

  • Rewienski MJ (2003) A trajectory piecewise-linear approach to model order reduction of nonlinear dynamical systems. Ph.D. thesis, Department of Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Google Scholar 

  • Shi F, Ramesh P, Mukherjee S (1996) Dynamic analysis of micro-electro-mechanical systems. Int J Numer Meth Eng 39(24):4119–4139

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Starr JB (1990) Squeeze-film damping in solid-state accelerometers. Proceedings of technical digest IEEE solid-state sensors and actuators workshop, Hilton Head Island, SC, pp 44–47

    Google Scholar 

  • Sudipto K, Aluru NR (2004) Full-Lagrangian schemes for dynamic analysis of electrostatic MEMS. J Microelectromech Syst 13(5):737–758

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sun Y, Chan WK, Liu N (2002) A slip model with molecular dynamics. J Micromech Microeng 12:316–322

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Veijola T, Mattila T (2001) Compact squeezed-film damping model for perforated surface. Proceedings of IEEE 11th international conference on solid-state sensors, actuators and microsystems, pp 1506–1509

    Google Scholar 

  • Veijola T, Kuisma H, Lahdenper¨a J (1998) The influence of gas-surface interaction on gas-film damping in a silicon accelerometer. Sensors Actuators A 66:83–92

    Google Scholar 

  • Vogl GW, Nayfeh AH (2005) A reduced-order model for electrically actuated clamped circular plates. J Micromech Microeng 15:684–690

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White A (2002) Review of some current research in microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) with defence applications, DSTO Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory, Fishermans Bend Vic, Australia, pp 10

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang YJ (1998) Squeeze-film damping for MEMS structures. MS Thesis, Electrical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang YJ, Gretillat M-A, Senturia SD (1997) Effect of Air damping on the dynamics of nonuniform deformations of microstructures, international conference on solid-state. Sensors and Actuators. Chicago, 16–19 June 1997, pp 1094–1096

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang JL, Ono T, Esashi M (2002) Energy dissipation in submicrometer thick single-crystal 116 cantilevers. J Microelectromech Syst 11(6):775–783

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yang Y-J, Senturia SD (1996) Numerical simulation of compressible squeezed-film damping. Proceedings of solid-state sensor and actuator workshop pp 76–79

    Google Scholar 

  • Yang YJ, Senturia SD (1997) Effect of air damping on the dynamics of nonuniform deformations of microstructures. Proceedings of IEEE international conference on solid-state sensors and actuators, New York, NY, pp 1093–1096

    Google Scholar 

  • Younis MI (2001) Investigation of the mechanical behavior of micro-beam-based MEMS devices. MS. thesis in Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, December 2001

    Google Scholar 

  • Younis MI (2004) Modeling and simulation of micrielectromecanical system in multi-physics fields. Ph.D. thesis, Mechanicsl Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

    Google Scholar 

  • Younis MI, Abdel-Rahman EM, Nayfeh A (2003) A reduced-order model for electrically actuated microbeam-based MEMS. J Microelectromech Syst 12(5):672–680

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Younis MI, Nayfeh AH (2003) A study of the nonlinear response of a resonant microbeam to electric actuation. J Nonlinear Dyn 31:91–117.

    Article  MATH  Google Scholar 

  • Younis MI, Nayfeh AH (2005a) Modeling squeeze-film damping of electrostatically actuated microplates undergoing large deflections. ASME 20th biennial conference on mechanical vibration and noise, 5th international conference on multibody systems, nonlinear dynamics and control, DETC2005-84421, Long Beach, CA, 24–28 September 2005

    Google Scholar 

  • Younis MI, Nayfeh AH (2005b) Dynamic analysis of MEMS resonators under primary-resonance excitation. ASME 20th biennial conference on mechanical vibration and noise, DETC2005-84146, Long Beach, CA, 24–28 September 2005

    Google Scholar 

  • Zhang C, Xu G, Jiang Q (2004) Characterization of the squeeze-film damping effect on the quality factor of a microbeam resonator. J Micromech Microeng 14:1302–1306

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zhao Z, Dankowicz H, Reddy CK, Nayfeh AH (2004) Modelling and simulation methodology for impact microactuators. J Micromech Microeng 14:775–784

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Reza N. Jazar .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2012 Springer Science+Business Media, LLC

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Jazar, R.N. (2012). Nonlinear Modeling of Squeeze-Film Phenomena. In: Dai, L., Jazar, R. (eds) Nonlinear Approaches in Engineering Applications. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1469-8_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-1469-8_2

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4614-1468-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4614-1469-8

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics