Abstract
Osteonecrosis, also known as avascular necrosis (AVN), ischemic necrosis, atraumatic necrosis, or aseptic necrosis, is a devastating and potentially debilitating pathologic condition with a poorly understood pathogenesis. It is most prevalent in young adults in the third and fourth decades of life and primarily affects the femoral head. The true incidence of this disease is not known; however, in the United States, it is estimated that 10,000–20,000 new cases are diagnosed every year. Furthermore, it has been estimated that this accounts for approximately 10 % of all total hip arthroplasties annually. Although there are a wide range of etiologies, which can be classified as either direct or indirect risk factors, the underlying cellular pathology of the disease is similar. Therefore, in this chapter we describe the pathology, pathophysiology, and associated risk factors for osteonecrosis.
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Kapadia, B.H., Issa, K., Banerjee, S., Mont, M.A. (2017). The Understanding of Hip Etiologies: Osteonecrosis of the Femoral Head. In: McCarthy, J., Noble, P., Villar, R. (eds) Hip Joint Restoration. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0694-5_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-0694-5_19
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