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Multiple Sclerosis

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Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB, volume 724)

Abstract

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, complex neurological disease with a variable clinical course in which several pathophysiological mechanisms such as axonal/ neuronal damage, demyelination, inflammation, gliosis, remyelination and repair, oxidative injury and excitotoxicity, alteration of the immune system as well as biochemical disturbances and disruption of blood-brain barrier are involved.1,2 Exacerbations of MS symptoms reflect inflammatory episodes, while the neurodegenerative aspects of gliosis and axonal loss result in the progression of disability. The precise aetiology of MS is not yet known, although epidemiological data indicate that it arises from a complex interactions between genetic susceptibility and environmental factors.3 In this chapter the brain structures and processes involved in immunopathogenesis of MS are presented. Additionaly, clinical phenotypes and biomarkers of MS are showed.

Keywords

Multiple Sclerosis Neurodegenerative Disease Multiple Sclerosis Group Onset Multiple Sclerosis Multiple Sclerosis Incidence 
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
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© Landes Bioscience and Springer Science+Business Media 2012

Authors and Affiliations

  1. 1.Neurorehabilitation WardIII General Hospital of LodzLodzPoland
  2. 2.Department of Chemistry and Clinical BiochemistryUniversity of BydgoszczBydgoszczPoland

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