Skip to main content

Central-Nervous-System Tuberculosis

  • Chapter
  • 109 Accesses

Part of the book series: Clinical Topics in Infectious Disease ((CLIN.TOP.INFECT))

Abstract

Many of the symptoms, signs, and sequelae of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) are the result of an immunologically directed inflammatory reaction to the infection.1 Although a mycobacterial infection is the inciting cause of the illness, it is the resulting inflammation of the meninges—which is responsible for the damage to blood vessels, scar formation, edema, and exudate in the central nervous system—that produces the clinical manifestations of this disease.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Rich AR: The Pathogenesis of Tuberculosis, 2nd ed. Springfield, Ill, Charles C Thomas, 1951.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Myers JA: The natural history of tuberculosis in the human body. JAMA 1965; 194: 1084–1092.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Stead WW: Pathogenesis of the sporadic cases of tuberculosis. N Eng J Med 1967; 227: 1008–1012.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Stead WW, Kenby GR, Schleuter DP, Jordahl A: The clinical spectrum of primary tuberculosis. Ann Int Med 1968; 68: 731–745

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Rich AR, McCord HA: The pathogenesis of tuberculous meningitis. Bull Johns Hopkins Hosp 1933; 52: 5–27.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Meyes, BR: 1982; Tuberculous meningitis. Med Clin North Am 66: 155–162.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Klein NC, Damskr B, Hirschman SZ. Mycobacterial meningitis: retrospective analysis 1970 to 1983. Am J Med 1985; 79: 29–34.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Smith HV, Vollum RL: Effects of inthrathecal tuberculin and streptomycin in tuberculous meningitis. Lancet 1950; 2: 275–286.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Descuns P, Garre H, Pheline C: Tuberculoma of the brain and cerebellum. J Neurosurg 1954; 11: 243–250.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Demergis JA, Liftwitch EL, Curtin JA, Witorsch P: Tuberculoma of the brain. JAMA 1978; 239: 413–415.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. Hildebrant G, Agnoli AL: Differential diagnosis and therapy of intracerebral tuberculomas. J Neurol 1982; 118: 201–208.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Rieder HL, Couthen GM„ Kelly GD, et al: Tuberculosis in the United States: Mortality and morbidity. JAMA 262: 385–389.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kelhn TE, Edward FF, Brannen P, et al: Infections caused by Mycobacterium avium complex in immunocompromised patients. J Clin Microbiol 1985; 21: 168–173.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Rieder HI, Cauthen GM, Block AB, et al: Tuberculosis and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome-Florida. Arch Intern Med 1989; 149: 1268–1273.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Stoneburner RL, Des Jarlais DC, Deneza D, et al: A larger spectrum of severe HIV1-related disease in IV drug users. Science 1988; 242: 916–918.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Selwyn PA, Hartel D, Lewis VA, et al: A prospective study of the risk of tuberculosis among intravein drug abuses with immunodeficiency virus infection. N Eng J Med 1989; 320: 545–550.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Molovi A, LeFock JL: Tuberculous meningitis. Med Clin North Am 1985; 69: 315–331.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Hawkin CC, Gold JWM, Whimbey E, et al: Mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Ann Int Med 1986; 105: 184–188.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sunderam G, McDonald RJ, Manatis T, et al: Tuberculosis as a manifestation of the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). JAMA 1986; 256: 362–366.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Mann J, Sinder D, Francis H, et al: Association between HTLV III/LAV infection and tuberculosis in Zaire (letter to editor). JAMA 1986; 256: 346.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bishburg E, Sunderam G, Reichman L, Kapila R: Central nervous system tuberculosis with acquired immunodeficiency and its related complex. Ann Int Med 1986; 105: 210–213.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Parsons M: Diagnosis not to be missed, tuberculosis meningitis. Br J Hosp Med 1982; 27: 682–684.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Crocco JA, Bleckel MJ, Rooney JJ, et al: Tuberculous meningitis in adults, NY State J Med 1980; 80: 1231–1234.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Dostur KD, Lalitha VS: The many facets of neurotuberculosis: an epitome of neuropathology. Prog Neuropathol 1973; 2: 351–408.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Castleman B (ed.): Weekly clinicopathological exercise. N Eng J Med 1974; 290: 1130–36.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Illingsworth RS, Wright T: Tubercles of the choroid. Br Med J 1948; 2: 365–370.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Kocen RS, Parsons M: The neurological complications of tuberculosis: some unusual manifestations. Q J Med 1970; 34: 17–31.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Munt PW: Miliary tuberculosis in the chemotherapy area. Medicine 1971; 51: 139–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Gelb AF, Leffler C, Brewin A, et al: Miliary tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1973; 108: 1327–1333.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Kasik JE, Schuldt S: Why tuberculosis is still a health problem in the aged. Geriatrics 1977; 3: 63–72.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Haas EJ, Modhaven T, Quinn EL, et al: Tuberculous meningitis in an urban general hospital. Arch Int Med 1977; 137: 1518–1521.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Fitzsimons JM: Tuberculous meningitis: a followup study on 198 cases. Tubercle 1963; 44: 87–102.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Barret-Connor, E: Tuberculous meningitis in adults. South Med J 1967; 60: 1061–1067.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. Rooney JJ, Crocco JA, Kramer S, Lyons HA: Further observations on tuberculin reactions in active tuberculosis. Am J Med 1976; 60: 517–522.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Schacter EH: Tuberculin negative tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1972; 106: 587–593.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Grieco MH, Chmel H: Acute disseminated tuberculosis as a diagnostic problem. Am Rev Respir Dis 1974; 109: 554–560.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Collins FM: The immunology of tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1982; 125: 42–49.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Seren T, Beus I: Characteristics of cerebral spinal fluid in tuberculous meningitis. Acta Cytol 1982; 26: 678–680.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Kennedy DH, Fallon RJ: Tuberculous meningitis. JAMA 1979; 241: 264.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Teah R, Humphries MJ, Hoare RD, O’Mahony G: Clinical correlation of CT changes in 64 Chinese patients with tuberculous meningitis. J Neuro 1989; 236: 48–51.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Nai-Shin C. Tuberculous meningitis. Computerized tomographic manifestations. Arch Neurol 1980; 37: 458–460.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Bullock MR: Diagnostic and prognostic features of tuberculous meningitis on CT scanning. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1982; 45: 1098–1101.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Price HI, Danziger A: Computerized tomograph in cranial tuberculosis. Am J Roentgenol 1978; 130: 769–771.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Schoeman J, Hewlett R, Donald P: MR of childhood tuberculous mengingitis. Neuroradiol 1988; 30: 473–477.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Stockstill MT, Kauffman CA. Comparison of cryptococcal and tuberculous meningitis. Arch Neurol 1983; 40: 81–85.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Daniels TM: Antibody and antigen detection of immunodiagnosis of tuberculosis. Why not, What more is needed, Where do we stand. J Infect Dis 1988; 158: 678–680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Soda E, Ruiz-Palacios GM, Lopez-Vidal Y: Detection of mycobacterial antigens in cerebral spinal fluid of patients with tuberculous meningitis by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbant assay. Lancet 1983; 2: 651–652.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Duboczy BO, White FC: Latex agglutination test for tuberculosis. Am Rev Respir Dis 1986; 94: 94–98.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Watt G, Zaraspe G, Boutista S, Laughlin L: Rapid diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis by using an enzyme-linked immunoabstract assay to detect mycobacterial antigen and antibody in cerebral spinal fluid. J Infect Dis 1988; 158: 681–686.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Rebera E, Martinez-Vasquez JM, Ocana I, et al: Activity of adenosine deaminase in cerebral spinal fluid for diagnosis and followup of tuberculous meningitis in adults. J Infect Dis 1987; 155: 603–607.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Era J, Crespo MJ, Valls V, De Salamanca RE: Adenosine deaminase activity in cerebral spinal fluid: a useful test for meningeal tuberculosis, even patients with AIDS. J Infect Dis 1988; 158: 896.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. Shah AK, Gandhi VK: Prognosis of tubercular meningitis. Indian Pediat 1984; 21: 791–795.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Kennedy DH: Tuberculous meningitis (letter). Lancet 1981; 1: 261.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Fallon RJ, Kennedy DH: Treatment and prognosis in tuberculous meningitis. 1981; 3: 39–44.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Kasik JE: Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial diseases, in Rakel RE (ed): Conn’s Current Therapy. Philadelphia, WB Saunders, 1984, p 125.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Smith HV, Vollum RL: The treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Tubercle 1956; 37: 301–320.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Acheson RM, Smith RV: Radiological technique in the management of tuberculous meningitis. Q J Med 1958; 27: 83–101.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Lorber J: Treatment of tuberculous meningitis. Br Med J 1960; 1: 1309–1312.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. American Trudeau Society: A statement by the Committee on Therapy: tuberculous meningitis. Am Rev Tubc 1970; 70: 756–758.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Weg JG: Tuberculosis and other mycobacterial disease, in Conn WE (ed): Conn’s Current Therapy Philadelphia, WB Saunders Co, 1981, p 137.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Wolinsky E: Nontuberculous mycobacterial infections of man. Med Clin N Am 1974; 58: 639–648.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1990 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kasik, J.E. (1990). Central-Nervous-System Tuberculosis. In: Schlossberg, D. (eds) Infections of the Nervous System. Clinical Topics in Infectious Disease. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9698-7_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9698-7_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-9700-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-9698-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics