Abstract
The treatment of psychiatric disorders requires a constant awareness of the various factors that affect outcomes in both a negative and a positive manner. For example, we know that the social support derived from friends, spouse, or other family members is an unquestionable positive factor in not only improving but also in maintaining optimal mental health. However, schizophrenic patients do better in a low-emotional-expression setting in which family members minimize the amount of feelings expressed toward the schizophrenic member.1
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Vaughn CE, Leff JP. The influence of family and social factors on the course of psychiatric illness. Brit J of Psychi 1976; 129: 125–137.
Dackis CA, Gold MS. Depression in drug abusers. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Press, 1984: 20–39.
Kosten TR. Pharmacotherapeutic interventions for cocaine abuse. J of Nerv and Mental Disease 1980; 177(7): 379–389.
Kosten TR, Schumann B, Wright D, et al. A preliminary study of desipramine in the treatment of cocaine abuse in methadone maintenance patients. J of Clin Psychi 1987; 48(1): 442–444.
Kleber HD, Weissman MM, Roundsaville BJ, et al. Imipramine as treatment for depression in addicts. Arch of Gen Psychi 1983; 40: 649–653.
Cocores, JA. Treatment of the dually diagnosed adult drug user. In: Gold MS. Slaby AE, eds, Dual diagnosis patients. New York: Marcel Dekker, 1990.
Hughes JR, Hatsukami DK, Mitchell JE, et al. Prevalence of smoking among psychiatric outpatients. Am J of Psychi 1986; 143: 993–997.
O’Farrell TJ, Connors GJ, Upper D. Addictive behaviors among hospitalized psychiatric patients. Addict Behav 1983; 8: 329–333.
Cocores, JA. The 8OO-COCAINE book of drug and alcohol recovery. New York: Villard Books, 1990.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Nicotine: Pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and pharmacodynamics. In: Nicotine addiction—a report of the Surgeon General. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1988.
Benowitz NL. Pharmacologic agents of cigarette smoking and nicotine addiction. New Engl J of Med 1988; 319(20): 1318–1330.
Fuxe K, Andersson K, Eneroth P, et al. Neuroendocrine actions of nicotine and of exposure to cigarette smoke: Medical implications. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1989; 13(192): 19–41.
Pomerleau OF, Rosecrans J. Neuroregulatory effects of nicotine. Psychoneuroendocrinology 1989; 14(6): 407–423.
Pomerleau O. The effects of nicotine on brain neurotransmitter systems. In Balfour DJK, ed. Nicotine and the tobacco smoking habit. Oxford: Pregamon Press, 1984.
Wesnes K, Warborten DM. Smoking, nicotine and human performance. Pharmacol Therapeutics 1983; 21: 189–208.
Pomerleau O. Nicotine as a psychoactive drug: Anxiety and pain reduction. Psychopharmacol Bull 1979; 22(3): 865–869.
Gilbert D. Paradoxical tranquilizing and emotion—Reducing effects of nicotine. Psychol Bull 1979; 86(4): 643–661.
Keenan RM, Hatsukami DK, Anton DJ. The effects of short term smokeless tobacco deprivation on performance. Psychopharmacology 1989; 98: 126–130.
Ague C. Nicotine and smoking: Effects upon subjective changes in mood. Psychopharmacologia 1973; 30: 323–328.
Pomerleau OF, Turk DC, Fertig JB. The effects of cigarette smoking on pain and anxiety. Addict Behav 1984; 9: 265–271.
Miller RR. Effects of smoking on drug action. Clin Pharmacol and Therapeutics 1987; 22(5): 749–756.
Swett C. Drowsiness due to chlorpromazine in relation to cigarette smoking. Arch of Gen Psychi 1974; 31: 211–213.
Dawson GW, Jusko WJ. Smoking and drug metabolism. In: Balfour DJK, ed. Nicotine and the Tobacco smoking habit Oxford: Pregamon Press. 1984.
Gold MS. The good news about depression. New York: Villard Books, 1987.
Gold MS. The good news about panic, anxiety and phobias. New York: Villard Books, 1989.
Glassman AH, Stetner F, Walsh T, et al. Heavy smokers, smoking cessation, and clonidine. JAMA 1988; 259: 2863–2866.
Gold MS, Redmond DE, Kleber HD. Clonidine in opiate withdrawal. Lancet 1978; 1: 929.
Edwards NB, Simmons RC, Rosenthal TL, et al. Doxepin in the treatment of nicotine withdrawal. Psychosomatics 1988; 29(2): 203–206.
Dilsaver SC, Majchrzak MJ, Alessi NE. Chronic treatment with amitriptyline produces supersensitivity to nicotine. Biol Psychi 1988; 23: 169–175.
Hughes JR. Clonidine, depression, and smoking cessation. JAMA 1988; 259(19); 2901–2902.
Churchill CM, Pariser SF, Larson CN, et al. Antidepressants and cessation of smoking. Am J of Psychi 1989; 146(9): 1238.
Cocores JA, Patel MD, Gold MS, Pottash AC. Cocaine abuse, attention deficit disorder, and bipolar disorder. J of Nerv Mental Disease 1987; 175(7): 431–432.
Cocores JA, Davies RK, Mueller PS, Gold MS. Cocaine abuse and adult attention deficit disorder, J of Clin Psychi 1987; 48(9): 376–377.
Wender PH, Reimherr FW. Bupropion treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity in adults. Am J of Psychi, 1990; 147(8): 1018–1020.
Barclay L, Kheyfets S. Tobacco use in Alzheimer’s disease. Clin Psychi News 1988; 16(12): 9.
Newhouse PA, Sunderland T, Tariot PN, et al. Intravenous nicotine in Alzheimer’s disease: A pilot study. Psychopharmacology 1988; 95: 171–175.
Hall GH. The pharmacology of tobacco smoking in relation to schizophrenia. In: Hemmings G, ed. Biochemistry of schizophrenia and addiction. Baltimore: University Park Press, 1980.
Sanberg PR, Fogelson HM, Manderscheid PZ, et al. Nicotine gum and haloperidol in Tourette’s syndrome. Lancet 1988; 95: 592.
Yassa R, Samarthji L, Korpassy A, et al. Nicotine exposure and tardive dyskinesia. Biol Psychi 1987; 22: 67–72.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1991 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Taylor, W., Cocores, J.A., Gold, M.S. (1991). Nicotine-Dependent Psychiatric Patients. In: Cocores, J.A. (eds) The Clinical Management of Nicotine Dependence. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9112-8_24
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9112-8_24
Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY
Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-9114-2
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-9112-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive