Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Some Experimental Constraints on the Role of Hydrogen in Oxygen and Hydrogen Diffusion and Al-Si Interdiffusion in Silicates

  • Chapter
Diffusion, Atomic Ordering, and Mass Transport

Part of the book series: Advances in Physical Geochemistry ((PHYSICAL GEOCHE,volume 8))

Abstract

The importance of aqueous fluid in catalyzing mineral reactions and in modifying the physico-chemical properties of minerals has long been recognized. For example, water enhances mineral reactivity by promoting solution-reprecipitation processes (e.g., Matthews et al, 1983). In this study, we are principally concerned with the role of aqueous fluid in modifying solid-state intra-crystalline processes of geological importance, and in particular diffusion. An understanding of the mediating role of water in diffusion processes in minerals is central to the interpretation of petrological and geochemical (e.g., stable isotopic) data relating to thermometry, barometry, and fluid-rock interactions in slowly cooling metamorphic, igneous, and hydrothermal rocks in the Earth’s crust. In addition, the “hydrolytic weakening” effect of water on the strength of quartz discovered by Griggs over 20 years ago (Griggs and Blacic, 1965; Griggs, 1967) may be related to diffusion-controlled processes, although these processes are still controversial (e.g., Kronenberg et al, 1986). Mineral solution in aqueous fluids (e.g., Eugster, 1986) will be considered in detail in this chapter only insofar as it might affect the interpretation of experimental results presented.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Boctor, N.Z., Popp, R.K., and Frantz, J.D. (1980) Mineral-solution equilibria—IV. Solubilities and thermodynamic properties of FeCl2° in the system Fe203-H2-H2O- HC1. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44, 1509–1515.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bottinga, Y., and Javoy, M. (1973) Comments on oxygen isotope geothermometry. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 20, 250–265.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bottinga, Y., and Javoy, M (1975) Oxygen isotope partitioning among the minerals in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Rev. Geophys. Space Phys. 13, 401–418.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brown, W.L., and Parsons, I. (1989) Alkali feldspars: Ordering rates, phase transformations and behaviour diagrams for igneous rocks. Miner. Mag. 53, 25–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chacko, T., and Goldsmith, J.R (1988) The effect of pressure and protons on Si/A1 diffusion and oxygen exchange in anhydrous systems. EOS, Trans. Amer. Geophys. Union 69, 1518.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crank, J. (1975) The Mathematics of Diffusion. Oxford University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deines, P. (1977) On the oxygen isotope distribution among mineral triplets in igneous and metamorphic rocks. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 41, 1709 - 1730.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Delaney, J.M., and Helgeson, H.C. (1978) Calculation of the thermodynamic consequences of dehydration in subducting oceanic crust to 100 kbar and 800 °C. Amer. J. Sci. 278, 638–686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, P.F. (1984a) Oxygen self-diffusion in quartz under hydrothermal conditions. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 4047–4057.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dennis, P.F. (1984b) Oxygen self-diffusion in quartz. Prog. Exp. Petrol, NERC Puhl Ser. D 25, 260–265.

    Google Scholar 

  • Elphick, S.C., Dennis, P.F., and Graham, C.M. (1986a) An experimental study of the diffusion of oxygen in quartz and albite using an overgrowth technique. Contrib. Mineral Petrol 92, 322–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elphick, S.C., Dennis, P.F., and Graham, C.M. (1986b) Oxygen diffusion studies in minerals: The effect of surface reaction processes in hydrothermal exchange experiments. Materials Sci. Forum 7, 235–242.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elphick, S.C., and Graham, C.M. (1988) The effect of hydrogen on oxygen diffusion in quartz: Evidence for fast proton transients? Nature 335, 243–245.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elphick, S.C., Graham, C.M., and Dennis, P.F. (1988) An ion microprobe study of anhydrous oxygen diffusion in anorthite: A comparison with hydrothermal data and some geological implications. Contrib. Mineral Petrol 100, 490–495.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Eugster, H.P. (1977) Compositions and thermodynamics of metamorphic solutions, in “Thermodynamics in Geology, edited by D.G. Fraser, pp. 183–202. NATO-ASI Series. Reidel, Dordrecht.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eugster, H.P. (1981) Metamorphic solutions and reactions, in Chemistry and Geochemistry of Solutions at High Temperatures and Pressures. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, vols 13/14, edited by F.E. Wickman, and D.T. Pickard, pp. 461–507. Pergamon, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eugster, H.P. (1986) Minerals in hot water. Amer. Mineral 71, 655–673.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ewald, A.H. (1985) The effect of pressure on oxygen isotope exchange in silicates. Chem. Geol. 49, 179–185.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Farver, J.R., and Giletti, B.J. (1985) Oxygen diffusion in amphiboles. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 49, 1403–1411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frantz, J.D., and Marshall, W.L. (1984) Electrical conductances an ionization constants of salts, acids, and bases in supercritical aqueous fluids: I. Hydrochloric acid from 100° to 700 °C and at pressures to 4000 bars. Amer. J. Sci. 284, 651–667.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Freer, R., and Dennis, P.F. (1982) Oxygen diffusion studies. I. A preliminary ion micro- probe investigation of oxygen diffusion in some rock-forming minerals. Miner. Mag. 45, 179–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frey, M, Hunziker, J.C., O’Neil, J.R., and Schwander, H.W. (1976) Equilibrium- disequilibrium relations in the Monte Rose Granite, Western Alps: Petrological, Rb-Sr and stable isotope data. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol 55, 147–179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ganguly, J., and Saxena, S.K. (1987) Mixtures and Mineral Reactions. Springer-Verlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Giletti, B.J. (1985) The nature of oxygen transport within minerals in the presence of hydrothermal water and the role of diffusion. Chem. Geol. 53, 197–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giletti, B.J. (1986) Diffusion effects on oxygen isotope temperatures of slowly cooled igneous and metamorphic rocks. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 77, 218–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giletti, B.J., and Anderson, T.F. (1975) Studies in diffusion, II: Oxygen in phlogopite mica. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 28, 225–233.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giletti, B.J., Semet, M.P., and Yund, R.A. (1978) Studies in diffusion, III: Oxygen in feldspars: An ion microprobe determination. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 42, 45–57.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Giletti, B.J., and Yund, R.A. (1984) Oxygen diffusion in quartz. J. Geophys. Res. 89, 4039–4046.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Glasstone, S., and Lewis, D. (1964) Elements of Physical Chemistry. Macmillan, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, J.R. (1986) The role of hydrogen in promoting A1-Si interdiffusion in albite (NaA1Si308) at high pressures. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett. 80, 135–138.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, J.R. (1987) A1/Si interdiffusion in albite: Effect of pressure and the role of hydrogen. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 95, 311–321.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, J.R. (1988) Enhanced A1/Si diffusion of KA1Si308 at high pressures: The effect of hydrogen. J. Geol. 96, 109–124.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, J.R. (1989) Pressure enhanced A1-Si diffusion and oxygen isotope exchange, in Diffusion and Flow in Minerals and Fluids, edited J. Ganguly. Advances in Physical Geochemistry, vol. 9. Springer-Yerlag, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goldsmith, J.R., and Jenkins, D.M. (1985) The high-low albite relations revealed by reversal of degree of order at high pressures. Amer. Mineral. 70, 911–923.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, C.M. (1981) Experimental hydrogen isotope studies III: Diffusion of hydrogen in hydrous minerals, and stable isotope exchange in metamorphic rocks. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 76, 216–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham, C.M., Harmon, R.S., and Sheppard, S.M.F. (1984) Experimental hydrogen isotope studies: Hydrogen isotope exchange between amphibole and water. Amer. Mineral. 69, 128–138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham, C.M., Sheppard, S.M.F., and Heaton, T.H.E. (1980) Experimental hydrogen isotope studies, I: Systematics of hydrogen isotope fractionation in the systems epidote- H2O, zoisite-H2O and A10(OH)-H20. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 44, 353–364.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Graham, C.M., Viglino, J., and Harmon, R.S. (1987) Experimental study of hydrogen isotope exchange between aluminous chlorite and water, and of hydrogen diffusion in chlorite. Amer. Mineral. 72, 566–579.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griggs, D.T. (1967) Hydrolytic weakening of quartz and other silicates. Geophys. J.R. Astron. Soc. 14, 19–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Griggs, D.T., and Blacic, J.D. (1965) Anomalous weakness of synthetic crystals. Science 147, 292–295.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoernes, S., and Friedrichsen, H. (1974) Oxygen isotope studies on metamorphic rocks of the Western Hohe Tauern Area (Austria). Schweiz. Miner. Petrog. Mitt. 54, 769–788.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoernes, S., and Friedrichsen, H. (1978) Oxygen and hydrogen isotope study of the polymetamorphic area of the Northern Otztal-Stubai Alps (Tyrol). Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 67, 305–315.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holloway, J.R., and Reese, R.L. (1974) The generation of N2-CO2-H2O fluids of use in hydrothermal experimentation I. Experimental method and equilibrium calculations in the C-O-H-N system. Amer. Mineral. 59, 587–597.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jaoul, O. (1987) San Carlos olivine: An earth material in which the atomic diffusion of all major species is known: Presentation of the data and some implications. Min. Soc. London Bull. 74, 6 (abstr).

    Google Scholar 

  • Javoy, M. (1977) Stable isotopes and geothermometry. J. Geol. Soc. London 133, 609–639.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kronenberg, A.K., Kirby, S.H., Aines, R.D., and Rossman, G.R. (1986) Solubility and diffusional uptake of hydrogen in quartz at high water pressures: Implications for hydrolytic weakening. J. Geophys. Res. 91, 12723–12744.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, W.L. (1969) Correlations in aqueous electrolyte behaviour to high temperatures and pressures. Rec. Chem. Progr. 30, 61–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, W.L. (1970) Complete equilibrium constants, electrolyte equilibria, and reaction rates. J. Phys. Chem. 74, 346–355.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mason, R.A. (1979) The ordering behaviour of albite in aqueous solutions at 1 kbar. Contrib. Mineral. Petrol. 68, 269–273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Matsuhisa, Y., Goldsmith, J.R., and Clayton, R.N. (1979) Oxygen isotopic fractionation in the system quartz-albite-anorthite-water. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 43, 1131– 1140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthews, A., Goldsmith, J.R., and Clayton, R.N. (1983) On the mechanisms and kinetics of oxygen isotope exchange in quartz and feldspars at elevated temperatures and pressures. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull. 94, 396–412.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McConnell, J.D.C., and McKie, D. (1960) The kinetics of the ordering processes in triclinic NaAlSi308. Mineral Mag. 32, 436–457.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MacKenzie, W.S. (1957) The crystalline modifications of NaAlSi3O8. Amer. J. Sci. 255, 481–516.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • McKie, D., and McConnell, J.D.C. (1963) The kinetics of the low-high transformation in albite, I. Amelia albite under dry conditions. Mineral. Mag. 33, 581–588.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Muehlenbachs, K., and Kushiro, I. (1974) Oxygen isotope exchange and equilibrium of silicates with CO2 or O2. Carnegie Inst. Washington Yearbook 74, 232–240.

    Google Scholar 

  • Norton, D., and Taylor, H.P. (1979) Quantitative simulation of the hydrothermal systems of crystallizing magmas on the basis of transport theory and oxygen isotope data: An analysis of the Skaergaurd intrusion. J. Petrol. 20, 421–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ord, A., and Hobbs, B.E. (1986) Experimental control of the water-weakening effect in quartz. Amer. Geophys. Union, Geophys. Monogr. 36, 51–72.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogers, G.F.C., and Mayhew, Y.R. (1982) Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of fluids: SI Units. 3rd ed. Blackwell, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rovetta, M.R., and Holloway, J.R., Blacic, J.D. (1986) Solubility of hydroxyl in natural quartz annealled in water at 900 °C and 1.5 GPa. Geophys. Res. Lett. 13, 145–148.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Satir, M., Friedrichsen, H., and Morteani, G. (1980) 180/160 and D/H study of the minerals from the Steinkogelschiefer and the Schwazer Augengneis (Salzburg/Tirol, Austria). Schweiz. Mineral. Petrogr. Mitt. 60, 99–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shade, J.W. (1974) Hydrolysis reactions in the SiO2-excess portion of the system K2O-A1203-SiO2-H2O in chloride fluids at magmatic conditions. Econ. Geol 69, 218–228.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yund, R.A., and Anderson, T.F. (1978) The effect of fluid pressure on oxygen isotope exchange between feldspar and water. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 42, 235–239.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Yund, R.A., and Tullis, J. (1980) The effect of water, pressure, and strain on Al/Si order-disorder kinetics in feldspar. Contrib. Mineral Petrol 72, 297–302.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. Colin M. Graham
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Stephen C. Elphick
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Geosciences, University of Arizona, 85721, Tucson, AZ, USA

    J. Ganguly

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1991 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Graham, C.M., Elphick, S.C. (1991). Some Experimental Constraints on the Role of Hydrogen in Oxygen and Hydrogen Diffusion and Al-Si Interdiffusion in Silicates. In: Ganguly, J. (eds) Diffusion, Atomic Ordering, and Mass Transport. Advances in Physical Geochemistry, vol 8. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9019-0_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9019-0_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-9021-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-9019-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation