Abstract
Bladder and bowel incontinence are potentially devastating conditions that can adversely affect psychological well-being and social functioning. These conditions have also been associated with an array of medical problems, including urinary tract infection and decubitus ulcers. Incontinence is seen in individuals of all ages, including normally developing children, adults of normal intelligence, and the elderly. Although prevalence figures exist for incontinence in some populations, it has not been surveyed adequately in the developmentally disabled population. Still, it is commonly acknowledged to be a significant problem, particularly in severely and profoundly retarded individuals (Whitman, Sciback, & Reid, 1983).
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Burgio, L.D., Burgio, K.L. (1989). Bladder and Bowel Incontinence. In: Luiselli, J.K. (eds) Behavioral Medicine and Developmental Disabilities. Disorders of Human Learning, Behavior, and Communication. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8844-9_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8844-9_4
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