Cutaneous Arteries of the Lower Extremity

Abstract

To conclude the description, only the cutaneous arteries of the lower extremities remain. We begin with the skin of the gluteal region. This is that region of skin corresponding to the gluteus maximus muscle and the anterior superficial portion of the gluteus medius muscle. The branches of the hypogastric artery, which supply the muscles of the buttocks, also give rise to the cutaneous arteries of this area. The region is divided into several territories, each belonging to one or another of the branches of this main artery. The principal branches are the superior and inferior gluteal arteries and secondarily the lateral sacral, the internal pudendal, the iliolumbar, and the superficial circumflex iliac arteries. Those arteries mentioned secondarily are, along with their cutaneous branches, associated with the trunk, but their terminal ramifications spread to the entire superomedial edge of the region; they will be discussed later. The boundary between the territories of the superior and inferior gluteal arteries is approximated by a line that connects the inferior tip of the sacrum with the greater trochanter. As there is some variability in this boundary, it will serve only for general orientation. In individual cases it is often encroached from one side or the other.