Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cyatheaceae

Figs. Cyath. 1–15

  • Chapter
Ferns and Allied Plants

Abstract

Stem usually erect, a single arborescent trunk to ca. 20 m tall, sometimes decumbent and short-creeping, usually massive, rarely small, usually unbranched, dictyostelic with medullary bundles, indurated, bearing scales and sometimes spines; leaves usually large, ca. 2–3 m, sometimes to 5 m long, rarely small, 50 cm or less long, pinnate, or (in Alsophila sinuata) entire, glabrous, pubescent and (or) scaly, circinate in the bud, petiole without stipules; sporangia borne in sori on the abaxial surface of segments, with a low to usually elevated receptacle, exindusiate or the indusium small and scalelike to completely enclosing the sorus, sporangia with a short, 4-rowed stalk and an oblique annulus that is not interrupted by the stalk; homosporous, spores lacking chlorophyll. Gametophyte epigeal, with chlorophyll, obcordate to slightly elongate, somewhat thickened centrally, with multicellular trichomes, archegonia and antheridia borne on the lower surface, the antheridium 5-celled.

Cyatheaceae Kaulf., Wesen Farrenkr. 119. 1827. Type: Cyathea Sm.

Alsophilaceae Presl, Gefässb. Stipes Farm 32. 1847. Type: Alsophila R. Br.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Literature

  • Adams, D. C. 1977. Ciné analysis of the medullary bundle system in Cyathea fulva. Amer. Fern Jour, 67: 73–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bower, F. O. 1928. The Ferns. 3: Dryopteroid ferns (I. Woodsieae) 99–103. Cambridge Univ. Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conant, D. S. 1975. Hybrids in American Cyatheaceae. Rhodora 77: 441–455.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conant, D. S. 1976. Ecogeographic and Systematic Studies in American Cyatheaceae. Ph.D. Thesis, Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conant, D. S., and G. Cooper-Driver. 1980. Autogamous allohomoploidy in Alsophila and Nephelea (Cyatheaceae): A new hypothesis for speciation in homoploid homosporous ferns. Amer. Jour. Bot. 67: 1269–1288.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Feldman, L., and J. Nardi. 1973. Tree fern apices and starch storage, in: Tryon et al., eds. Fern Biology in Mexico. BioScience 23: 31, 32.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G. J. 1974. Spore morphology in the Cyatheaceae, 1. The perine and sporangial capacity: General considerations. Amer. Jour. Bot. 61: 672–680.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G. J., and R. Tryon. 1976. Spore morphology in the Cyatheaceae 2. The genera Lophosoria, Metaxya, Sphaeropteris, Alsophila, and Nephelea. Amer. Jour. Bot. 63: 738–758.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Pignataro, L. D. 1971. Ricerche citologiche sulle pteridofite della Costa Rica. 1. Atti Ist. Bot. Univ. Pavia 7: 29–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holttum, R. E. 1963. Cyatheaceae, Fl. Males. Ser. II, 1: 65–176.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holttum, R. E. 1964. The tree ferns of the genus Cyathea in Australasia and the Pacific. Blumea 12: 241–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holttum, R. E. 1965. Tree ferns of the genus Cyathea Sm. in Asia (excluding Malaysia). Kew Bull. 19: 463–487.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Holttum, R. E. 1971. Studies in the family Thelypteridaceae, III. A new system of genera in the Old World. Blumea 19: 17–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Krassilov, V. 1978. Mesozoic lycopods and ferns from the Bureja Basin. Palaeontographica 166, Abt. B: 16–29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Love, A., D. Love, and R. Pichi-Sermolli. 1977. Cytotaxonomical Atlas of the Pteridophyta. 398 pp. Cramer, Vaduz.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lucansky, T. W. 1974. Comparative studies of the nodal and vascular anatomy in the neotropical Cyatheaceae, II. Squamate genera. Amer. Jour. Bot. 61: 472–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lucansky, T. W., and R. A. White. 1974. Comparative studies of the nodal and vascular anatomy in the neotropical Cyatheaceae, III. Nodal and petiole patterns: Summary and conclusions. Amer. Jour. Bot. 61: 818–828.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Martius, C. F. P. 1834. Icon. Plantarum Cryptogam. Brazil. 138 pp. Munich. C. Wolf.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, Y. 1927a. Comparative anatomy of Japanese Cyatheaceae. Jour. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo (Bot.) 1: 141–350.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ogura, Y. 1927b. On the structure and affinities of some fossil tree-ferns from Japan. Jour. Fac. Sci. Univ. Tokyo (Bot.) 1: 351–380.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pons, D. 1965. Sur des empreintes foliares de Cyathéacées fossiles de Colombie. Bol. Geol. Univ. Industr. Santander. 20: 5–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pons, D. 1975. A propos d’une fougére tertiare de Colombie: Cyathea colombiensis D. Pons. Argumenta Paleobot. 4: 39–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorsa, V. 1970. Fern Cytology and the radiation field. Chap. G3: pp. 39–50, in: H. T. Odum and R. F. Pigeon, A Tropical Rain Forest. A Study of Irradiation and Ecology at El Verde. Puerto Rico. Division of Technical Information. U.S. Atomic Energy Commission.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stokey, A. G. 1918. Apogamy in the Cyatheaceae. Bot. Gaz. 65: 97–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stokey, A. G. 1930. Prothallia of the Cyatheaceae. Bot. Gaz. 90: 1–45.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, A. F., and L.J. Feldman. 1975. Tree fern indusia: studies of development and diversity. Canad. Jour. Bot. 53: 2260–2273.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1970. The classification of the Cyatheaceae. Contr. Gray Herb. 200: 3–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1976. Reference under Cyathea.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R., and G. J. Gastony. 1975. The biogeography of endemism in the Cyatheaceae. Brit. Fern Gaz. 11: 73–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Voeller, B. R. 1966. Crozier uncoiling of ferns. Rockefeller Univ. Rev. 4: 4–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, T. G. 1966. A cytotaxonomic survey of the Pteridophytes of Jamaica. Trans. Roy. Soc. Edinburgh 66: 169–237.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Gastony, G. J., and R. Tryon. 1976. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Pignataro, L. D. 1971. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holttum, R. E. 1963, 1964, 1965. References under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1971. The American tree ferns allied to Sphaeropteris horrida. Rhodora 73. 1–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1972. Taxonomic fern notes, VI. New species of American Cyatheaceae. Rhodora 74: 441–450.

    Google Scholar 

  • Windisch, P. G. 1977. Synopsis of the genus Sphaeropteris (Cyatheaceae), with a revision of the neotropical exindusiate species. Bot. Jahrb. Syst. 98: 176–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Windisch, P. G. 1978. Sphaeropteris (Cyatheaceae). The systematics of the group of Sphaeropteris hirsuta. Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 29: 2–22.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Conant, D. S. 1975. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Conant, D. S. 1976. Ecogeographic and Systematic Studies in American Cyatheaceae. Ph.D. Thesis. Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. (Includes a revision of American Alsophila.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Conant, D. S., and G. Cooper-Driver. 1980. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Copeland, E. B. 1947. Genera Filicum, pp. 1–247. Waltham, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G. J., and R. Tryon. 1976. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Holttum, R. E. 1963, 1964, 1965. References under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tardieu-Blot, M. 1941. Sur les aphlebia des cyathéacées Malgaches. Bull. Soc. Bot. France 88: 522–531.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tardieu-Blot, M. 1951. 4 fam. Cyathéacées, in Humbert, Fl. Madagas. Comores, pp. 1–45/Firmin-Didot, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tardieu-Blot, M. 1953. Les ptéridophytes de l’Afrique intertropicale Française. Mém. Instit. Franc. Afr. Noir 28. pp. 1–241

    Google Scholar 

  • Tindale, M. D. 1956. The Cyatheaceae of Australia. Contrib. N. S. Wales Natl. Herb. 2: 327–361.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Conant, D. S. 1975, 1976. References under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G.J. 1973. A revision of the fern genus Nephelea. Contrib. Gray Herb. 203: 81–148.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G. J. 1974. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G. J., and R. Tryon. 1976. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Pignataro, L. D. 1971. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, T. G. 1966. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Barrington, D. S. 1978. A revision of Trichipteris (Cyatheaceae). Contrib. Gray Herb. 208: 3–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gastony, G. J. 1979. Spore morphology in the Cyatheaceae, III. The genus Trichipteris. Amer. Jour. Bot. 66: 1238–1260.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Pignataro, L. D. 1971. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morton, C. V. 1971. Review of R. Tryon, “Classification of the Cyatheaceae.” Amer. Fern Jour. 61: 142–143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Proctor, G. R. 1977. Pteridophyta, in: R. A. Howard, Flora of the Lesser Antilles, 2: 103. Arnold Arboretum, Harvard Univ., Cambridge, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riba, R. 1969. Revisión monográfica del complejo Alsophila Swartziana Martius (Cyatheaceae). Am. Instit. Biol. Univ. Mex. 38, ser. Bot. 1: 61–100 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorsa, V. 1970. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1976. A revision of the genus Cyathea. Contrib. Gray Herb. 206: 19–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, T. G. 1966. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Conant, D. S. 1975. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Pignataro, L. D. 1971. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hallé, F. 1966. Etude de la ramification du tronc chez quelques fougères arborescentes. Adansonia 6: 405–424.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1976. A revision of the genus Cyathea. Contrib. Gray Herb. 206: 19–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, T. G. 1966. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

Literature

  • Conant, D. S. 1975. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gómez Pignataro, L. D. 1971. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sorsa, V. 1970. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stolze, R. G. 1974. A taxonomic revision of the genus Cnemidaria (Cyatheaceae). Fieldiana (Bot.) 37: 1–98.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tryon, R. 1976. Reference under Cyathea.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, T. G. 1966. Reference under the family.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02138, USA

    Rolla M. Tryon & Alice F. Tryon

Authors
  1. Rolla M. Tryon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Alice F. Tryon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Springer-Verlag New York Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tryon, R.M., Tryon, A.F. (1982). Cyatheaceae. In: Ferns and Allied Plants. Springer, New York, NY. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8162-4_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-8162-4_14

  • Publisher Name: Springer, New York, NY

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-8164-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-8162-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation