Skip to main content

Hormonal Control of Feeding Behavior and Energy Balance

  • Chapter
Hormonal Correlates of Behavior

Abstract

Life ultimately depends on an organism’s capacity to sustain the flame of intracellular metabolism. Hence all living animals store fuel within their bodies, and they possess many behavioral and physiological processes to insure the relative stability of these stores. While eating and related instrumental behaviors oversee the maintenance of adequate energy intake, hormones and ancillary patterns of enzyme induction establish a balance between the storage and usage of the ingested nutrients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • ADOLPH, E. F., 1947, Urges to eat and drink in rats. Am. J. Physiol. 151:110.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • AHLSKOG, J. E. & HOEBEL, B. G., 1973, Overeating and obesity from damage to a noradrenergic system in the brain. Science 182:166.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ÅKERBLOM, H. K., MARTIN, J. M., GARY, G. L. & MOSCARELLO, M., 1972, Experimental hypersomatotropism II Metabolic effects in rats bearing the M-W15 tumor, Horm. Metab. Res. 4:15.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ÅKERBLOM, H. K., MARTIN, J. M. & GARY, G. L., 1973, Relative role of cortisone and growth hormone on glucose intolerance and insulin secretion in rat, Horm. Metab. Res. 5:34.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • ALBRINK, M. J. (ed.), 1968, Endocrine Aspects of Obesity, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 21:1395–1485.

    Google Scholar 

  • ALVAREZ, W. C., 1948, Sixty years of vagotomy; A review of some 200 articles, Gastroenterology 10:413.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ANDERSON, J.W., KILBOURN, K. C., ROBINSON, J, & WRIGHT, P. H., 1963, Diabetic acidosis in rats treated with anti-insulin serum, Clin. Sci. 24:417.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ANDIK, I., SARDI, F. & SCHMIDT, P., 1968, The effect of growth hormone on feed intake and food selection, Acta Physiol. Acad. Sci. Hung. Tom. 29:177.

    Google Scholar 

  • AZMITIA, E. C. & MCEWEN, B. S., 1969, Corticosterone regulation of tryptophan hydroxylase in midbrain of the rat, Science 166:1274.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BAILE, C. A., 1974, Putative neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus and feeding, Fed. Proc. 33:1166.

    Google Scholar 

  • BAILE, C. A., HERRERA, M. G. & MAYER, J., 1970, Ventromedial hypothalamus and hyperphagia in hyperglycemic obese mice, Am. J. Physiol. 218:857.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BAILE, C. A. & MAYER, J., 1968, Effects of insulin-induced hypoglycemia and hypoacetoemia on eating behavior in goats, J. Dairy Sci. 51:1495.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BAILE, C. A. & MARTIN, F. H., 1971, Hormones and amino acids as possible factors in the control of hunger and satiety in sheep, J. Dairy Sci. 54:897.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BAILE, C. A. & MCLAUGHLIN, C. L., ZINN, W. & MAYER, J., 1971, Exercise, lactate, hormones and gold-thioglucose lesions of the hypothalamus of diabetic mice, Am. J. Physiol. 221:150.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BAILE, C. A., SIMPSON, C. W., BEAN, S. M., MCLAUGHLIN, C. L. & JACOBS, H. L., 1973, Prostaglandins and food intake of rats: a component of energy balance regulation? Physiol. Behav. 10:1077.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BAILEY, C. J. & MATTY, A. J., 1972, Glucose tolerance and plasma insulin of the rat in relation to the oestrus cycle and sex hormones, Horm. Metab. Res. 4:266.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BALAGURA, S. J., 1968, Conditioned glycemia responses in the control of food intake, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 65:30.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BALAGURA, S., HARRELL, L. & RALPH, T., 1973, Glucodynamic hormones modify the recovery period after lateral hypothalamic lesions, Science 182:59.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BATCHELOR, B. R. & MAHLER, R. J., 1972, Growth hormone induced enhancement of insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue, Horn. Metabl. Res. 4:87.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BELL, D. D. & ZUCKER, I., 1971, Sex differences in body weight and eating: Organization and activation by gonodal hormones in the rat. Physiol. Behav. 7:21.

    Google Scholar 

  • BERGER, B. D., WISE, C. D. & STEIN, L. 1973, Nerve growth factor: enhanced recovery of feeding after hypothalamic damage, Science 180:506.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BERNARDIS, L. L. & FROHMAN, L. A., 1970, Effect of lesion size in the ventromedial hypothalamus on growth hormone and insulin levels in weanling rats, Neuroendorinol. 6:319.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A., 1968, Mechanism of action of norepinephrine in eliciting an eating response on injection into the rat hypothalamus, J. Pharm. Exp. Therap. 160:336.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A., 1972, Unlearned and learned effects of intrahypothalamic cycle AMP injection on feeding, Nature (New Biology). 237:222.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A., 1970, Effects of insulin on feeding in hypophysectomized and adrenal-demedullated rats, Horm. Behav. 1:305.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A., 1968, Effects of intrapothalamic glucose injections on eating and drinking elicited by insulin, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 65:13.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A., 1972, Feeding inhibition by glucose loads, compared between normal and diabetic rats, Physiol. Behav. 8:801.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A. & BROOKOVER, T., 1968, Hunger elicited in the rat by a single injection of bovine crystalline insulin, Physiol. Behav. 3:439.

    Google Scholar 

  • BOOTH, D. A. & PITT, M. E., 1968, The role of glucose in insulin-induced feeding and drinking, Physiol. Behav. 3:447.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BRAY, G. A., MELVIN, K. E. W. & CHOPRA, I. J., 1973, Effect of triiodothyronine on some metabolic responses of obese patients, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 26:715.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • BRAY, G. A. & YORK, D. A., 1971, Genetically transmitted obesity in rodents, Physiol. Rev. 51:593.

    Google Scholar 

  • BROOKS, C. M., LOCKWOOD, R. A. & WIGGINS, M. L., 1946, A study of the effect of hypothalamic lesions on the eating habits of the albino rat, Am. J. Physiol. 147:735.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CHLOUVERAKIS, C., 1972, Insulin resistance of parabiotic obese-hyperglycemic mice, Horm. Metab. Res. 4:143.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CHLOUVERAKIS, C., BERNARDIS, L. L. & HOJNICKI, D., 1973, Ventromedial hypothalamic lesions in obese-hyperglycaemic mice, Diabetologia 9:391.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CHLOUVERAKIS, C. & HOJNICKI, D., 1974, Lipectomy in obese hyperglycemic mice, Metabolism 23:133.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • COHN, C. & JOSEPH, D., 1962, Influence of body weight and body fat on appetite of “normal” lean and obese rats, Yale J. Biol. Med. 34:598.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • COLEMAN, D. L., 1973, Effects of parabiosis of obese with diabetes and normal mice, Diabetologia. 9:294.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • COLEMAN, D. L. & HUMMEL, K. P., 1969, Effects of parabiosis of normal with genetically diabetic mice, Am. J. Physiol. 217:1298.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • COOK, D. L., 1964, Steroids and lipid metabolism, Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  • COPINSCHI, G., CORNIL, A., LECLERCQ, R. & FRANCKSON, J. R. M., 1966, Cortisol secretion rate and urinary corticoid excretion in normal and obese subjects, Acta Endocrinol. 51:186.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • COX, V. C., KAKOLEWSKI, J. W. & VALENSTEIN, E. S., 1968, Effect of ventromedial hypothalamic damage in hypophysectomized rats, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 65:145.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • CURTIS-PRIOR, P. B. & HANLEY, T., 1973, A fat-mobilizing factor in rat serum, Acta Endocrinol. 74:409.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DEBONS, A. F., KRIMSKY, I., LIKUSKI, H. J., FROM, A. & CLOUTIER, R. J., 1968, Gold-thioglucose damage to the satiety center: inhibition in diabetes, Am. J. Physiol. 214:652.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • DEBONS, A. G., KRIMSKY, I. & FROM, A., 1970, A direct action of insulin on the hypothalamic satiety center, Am. J. Physiol. 219:938.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EMMER, M., GORDEN, P. & RO, J., 1971. Diabetes in association with other endocrine disorders, Med. Clin. N. Amer. 55:1057.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • EPSTEIN, A, TEITELBAUM, P., 1967, Specific loss of the hypothalamic control of feeding in recovered lateral rats. Am. J. Physiol. 213:1159

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FAHLÉN, M., STENBERG, J. & BJORNTORP, P., 1972, Insulin secretion in obesity after exercise, Diabetologia. 8:141.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • FAJAN, S. S. & FLOYD, J. C., JR., 1972, Stimulation of islet cell secretion by nutrient and by gastrointestinal hormones released during digestion, Handbook of Physiology, Section 7: Vol. 1 Endocrine Pancreas, pp. 473–494, Am. Physiol. Soc. Washington, D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • FLEMING, D. G., 1969, Food intake studies in parabiotic rats, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 157:985.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FOOTE, W. E., LIEB, J. P., MARTZ, R. L. & GORDON, M. W., 1972, Effect of hydrocortisone on single unit activity in midbrain raphe, Brain Res. 41:242.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FRIEDMAN, E., STARR, N. & GERSHON, S., 1973, Catecholamine synthesis and the regulation of food intake in the rat, Life Sci. 12:317.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FRIEDMAN, M. I., 1972, Effects of alloxan diabetes on hypothalamic hyperphagia and obesity, Am. J. Physiol. 222:174.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • FUXE, K., HÖKFELT, T., UNGERSTEDT, U., 1970, Morphological and functional aspects of central monoamine neurons, Int. Rev. Neurobiol. 13:93.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GALICICH, J. H., HALBERG, F. & FRENCH, L. A., 1963, Circadian adrenal cycle in C mice kept without food and water for a day and a half, Nature. 197:811.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GLASSER, G. H., 1953, Psychiatric reactions induced by corticotropin (ACTH) and cortisone, Psychosom. Med. 15:280.

    Google Scholar 

  • GLICK, Z. D., THOMAS, D. W. & MAYER, J., 1971, Absence of effect of injections of the intestinal hormones secretin and chole-cystokinin-pancreozymin upon feeding behavior, Physiol. Behav. 6:5.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GOLDFINE, I. D., KAHN, C. R., NEVILLE, D. M., JR., ROTH, J., GARRISON, M. M. & BATES, R. W., 1973, Decreased binding of induced insulin resistance, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Comm. 53:852.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GOLDBERG, N., HADDOX, M. K., HARTLE, D. K. & HADDON, J. W., 1973, In Proceedings of the Fifth International Congress of Pharmacology, pp. 146–169, Karger, Basel.

    Google Scholar 

  • GOLDMAN, J. K., 1973, In vivo effects of growth hormone on in vitro adipose tissue metabolism, Hormone Res. 4:207.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GOLDMAN, J. K., SCHNATZ, J. D., BERNARDIS, L. L. & FROHMAN, L. A., 1970, Adipose tissue metabolism of weanling rats after destruction of ventromedial hypothalamic nuclei: effect of hypophy-ectomy and growth hormone, Metabolism. 19:995.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GOLDMAN, J. K., SCHNATZ, J. D., BERNARDIS, L. L. & FROMHAM, L. A., 1972, Effects of ventromedial hypothalamic destruction in rats with preexisting streptozotocin-induced diabetics, Metabolism 21:132.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GORDON, E. S., 1960, Non-esterified fatty acids in the blood of obese and lean subjects, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 8:740.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GROSSIE, J. & TURNER, C. W., 1961, Effect of hyperthyroidism on body weight gain and feeding consumption in male and female rats, Proc. Soc. Exp. Bio. Med. 107:520.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GROSSIE, J, & TURNER, C. W., 1965, Effect of thyroxine, hydrocortisone and growth hormone on food intake in rats, Proc. Soc. Exp. Bio. Med. 118:28.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GROSSIE, J. & TURNER, C. W., 1965, Effect of thyro-parathyroidectomy and adrenalectomy on food intake in rats, Proc. Soc. Exp. Bio. Med. 118:25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GROSSMAN, S. P., 1962, Direct adrenergic and cholinergic stimulation of hypothalamic mechanisms, Am. J. Physiol. 202:875.

    Google Scholar 

  • GROSSMAN, S. P., 1972, Neurophysiologic aspects: extrahypothalamic factors in the regulation of food intake, Advances in Psychosomatic Medicine, 7:49.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • GUSMAN, H. A., 1969, Chorionic Gonadotropin in obesity, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 22:686.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HALES, C. N. & KENNEDY, G. C., 1964, Plasma glucose, non-esterified fatty acid and insulin concentrations in hypothalamic-hyperphagic rats, Biochem. J. 90:620.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HAN, P. W., MU, J., LEPKOVSKY, S., 1963, Food intake of parabiotic rats, Am. J. Physiol. 205:1139.

    Google Scholar 

  • HAUSBERGER, F. X, & HAUSBERGER, B. C., 1960, The etiologic mechanism of some forms of hormonally induced obesity, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 8:671.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HERBAI, G., 1970, Weight loss in obese-hyperglycaemic and normal mice following transauricular hypophysectomy by a modified technique, Acta Endococrinol. 65:712.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HERVEY, E. & HERVEY, G. R., 1965, The effects of progesterone on the body weight and fat content of castrated male rats bearing ovarian implants, J. Physiol. (Lond.) 179:20.

    Google Scholar 

  • HERVEY, E. & HERVEY, G. R., 1967, The effects of progesterone on body weight and composition in the rat, J. Endocrinol. 37:361.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HERVEY, G. R., 1969, Regulation of energy balance, Nature 222:629.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HERVEY, G. R., 1959, The effects of lesions in the hypothalamus in parabiotic rats, J. Physiol. (Lond.), 145:336.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HIER, D. B., ARNASON, B. G. W. & YOUNG, M., 1973, Nerve growth factor: relationship to the cyclic amp system of sensory ganglia, Science, 182:79.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HINMAN, D. J. & GRIFFITH, D. R., 1973, Effects of ventromedial hypothalamic lesions on thyroid secretion rate in rats, Horm. Metab. Res. 5:48.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HOLLIFIELD, G., 1968, Glucocorticoid-induced obesity—a model and a challenge, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 21:1471.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HUNTER, W. M., FRIEND, J. A. R. & STRONG, J. A., 1966, The diurnal pattern of plasma growth hormone concentration in adults, J. Endocrinol. 34:139.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • HUSTVEDT, B. E. & LØVØ, A., 1972, Correlation between hyperinsulinemia and hyperphagia in rats with ventromedial hypothalamic lesions, Acta Physiol. Scand. 84:29.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ILLIANO, G., TELL, G. P. E., SIEGEL, M. I. & CUATRECASAS, P., 1973, Guanosine 3’: 5’ — cyclic monophosphate and the action of insulin and acetylcholine, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 8:2443.

    Google Scholar 

  • JOHNSON, J. T. & LEVINE, S., 1973, Influence of water deprivation on adrenocortical rhythms, Neuroendocrinol. 11:268.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KAKOLEWSKI, J. W., COX, V. C. & VALENSTEIN, E. S., 1968, Sex differences in body weight change following gonadectomy of rats, Psychol. Rep. 22:547.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KANDUTSCH, A. A., COLEMAN, D. L. & ALPERT, S. E., 1972, Androgen effect on genetic and gold-thioglucose-induced obesity, Experientia 28:473.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KARAM, J. H., GRODSKY, G. M., PAVLATOS, F. C. & FORSHAM, P. H., 1965, Critical factors in excessive serum-insulin response to glucose, Lancet 1:286.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KENNEDY, G. C., 1966, Food intake, energy balance and growth, Br. Med. Bull. 22:216.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KENNEDY, G. C., 1957, The development with age of hypothalamic restraint upon the appetite of the rat, J. Endocrinol. 16:9.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KENNEDY, G. C., 1953, The role of depot fat in the hypothalamic control of food intake in the rat. Proc. Roy. Soc. Ser. B. 140:578.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KIM, K. S., MAGEE, D. F. & IVY, A. C., 1952, Mechanism of difference in growth rate between male and female rats, Am. J. Physiol. 169:525.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KING, J. M. & COX, V. C., 1973, The effects of estrogens on food intake and body weight following ventromedial hypothalamic lesions, Physiol. Psych. 1:261.

    Google Scholar 

  • KRUG, U., KRUG, F. & CUATRECASAS, P., 1972, Emergence of insulin receptors in human lymphocytes during the vitro transformation, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. 67:2604.

    Google Scholar 

  • KRUG, Z. L., 1973, Dopamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine inhibit feeding in rats, Nature (New Biology) 246:52.

    Google Scholar 

  • KUMARESAN, P, & TURNER, C. W., 1965, Effect of alloxan on feed consumption in rats, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 119:400.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • KURTZ, R. G., ROZIN, P. & TEITELBAUM, P., 1972, Ventromedial hypothalamic hyperphagia in the hyprophysectomized weanling rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 80:19.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LAMKI, L., EZRIN, C., KOVEN, I., & STEINER, G., 1973, L-thyroxine in the treatment of obesity without increase in loss of lean body mass, Metabolism, 22:617.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LIEBELT, R. A., ICHNIOE, S. & NICHOLSON, N., 1965, Regulatory influences of adipose tissue on food intake and body weight, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 131:559.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LIEBELT, R. A., & PERRY, J. N., 1967, Action of gold-thioglucose on the central nervous system, Handbook of Physiology. Sect. 6: Vol. 1 Food and Water Intake, pp. 271–285. Am. Physiol. Soc., Washington D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • LEMAGNEN, J., 1969, Peripheral and systemic actions of food in the caloric regulation of intake, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 147:1126.

    Google Scholar 

  • LIEBOWITZ, S. F., 1972, Central adrenergic receptors and the regulation of hunger and thirst, Neurotransmitters. 50:327.

    Google Scholar 

  • LIKUSKI, H. J., 1967, Inhibition of gold thiglucose-induced hypothalamic obesity by glucose analogues, Am. J. Physiol. 212:669.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LIVINGSTON, J. N., CUATRECASAS, P. & LOCKWOOD, D. H., 1972, Insulin insensitivity of large fat cells, Science 177:626.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • LOVETT, D. & BOOTH, D. A., 1970, Four effects of exogenous insulin on food intake, Quart. J. Exp. Psych. 22:406.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MACKAY, E. M., CALLAWAY, J. W. & BARNES, R. H., 1940, Hyperalimentation in normal animals produced by protamine insulin, J. Nutr. 20:59.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MARTIN, B., AGUILAR, E. & SCHIAFFINI, O., 1972, Oxidative metabolism of the limbic system in andregenized rats, Experientia 28:350.

    Google Scholar 

  • MAYER, J., 1955, Regulation of energy intake and the body weight. The glucostatic theory and the lipostatic hypothesis, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 63:15.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MAYER, J., 1960, The hypothalamic control of gastric hunger contractions as a component of the mechanism of regulation of food intake, Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 8:547.

    Google Scholar 

  • MAYER, J., MARSHALL, N. B., VITALE, J. J., CHRISTENSEN, J. H., MASHAYEKHI, M. B., & STARE, F. J., 1954, Exercise, food intake and body weight in normal rats and genetically obese adult mice, Am. J. Physiol. 177:544.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MAYER, J., ZOMZELY, C. & FURTH, J., 1956, Body composition and energetics in obesity induced in mice by adrenotropic tumors, Science 123:184.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MCLAUGHLIN, C. L., BAILE, C. A., TRUEHEART, P. A. & MAYER, J., 1973, Factors influencing the lesioning effect of gold-thioglucose on the ventromedial hypothalamus of bar harbor obese mice, Physiol. Behav. 10:339.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MILLER, E. A. & ALLEN, D. O., 1973, Hormone-stimulated lipolysis in isolated fat cells from “young” and “old” rats. J. Lipid Res. 14:331.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MOGENSON, G. K., RUSSEK, M. & STEVENSON, J. A. F., 1969, The effect of adrenaline on bar-pressing for food and self-stimulation, Physiol. Behav. 4:91.

    Google Scholar 

  • MONTEMURRO, D. G., 1971, Inhibition of hypothalamic obesity in the mouse with diethylstilbestrol, Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol. 49:554.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MOOK, D. G., KENNY, N. J., ROBERTS, S., NUSSBAUM, A. I., RODIER, W. I, III, 1972, Ovarian-adrenal interactions in regulation of body weight by female rats, J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol, 81:198.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MULLER, E. E., MIEDICO, D., GIUSTINA, G., PECILE, A., COCCHI, D. & MANDELLI, V., 1971, Impaired secretion of growth hormone in gold-thioglucose-obese mice, Endocrinol. 89:56.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • MYERS, R. D., 1964, Emotional and autonomic responses following hypothalamic chemical stimulation, Canad. J. Psychol. 18:6.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NAESER, P., 1973, Effects of adrenalectomy on the obese-hyperglycemic syndrome in mice, Diabetologia 9:376.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NANCE, D. M. & GORSKI, R. A., 1973, Effects of chronic diabetes on 2-deoxy-D-glucose induced feeding and drinking, Pharmacol. Biochem. Behav. 1:483.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • NICOLAIDIS, S., 1969, Early systemic responses to orogastric stimulation in the regulation of food and water balance: functional and electrophysiological data, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 157:1176.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • OOMURA, Y., 1973, Central mechanism of feeding, Advances in Biophys. 5:65.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J., 1971, A re-examination of the role of the ventromedial hypothalamus in feeding behavior, Physiol. Behav. 7:385.

    Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J., 1971, Effects of fats, proteins and carbohydrates on food intake in rats, Psychon. Monog. Suppl. 4:85.

    Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J., 1972, Hypothalamic radioactivity after intragastric glucose-14c in rats, Am. J. Physiol. 233:396.

    Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J., 1973, A reanalysis of feeding patterns in the rat, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 82:78.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J., 1974, Hypothalamic Regulation of Energy Balance and feeding behavior, Fed. Proc. 33:1150.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J. & NANCE, D. M., 1972, Insulin, glucose and hypothalamic regulation of feeding, Physiol. Behav. 9:447.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J. & NANCE, D. M., 1974, The hypothalamic 14c differential and feeding behavior, Bull. Psychon. Soc. In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J. & NANCE, D. M., 1974, Effects of para-chlorophenylalanine on food intake of rats, Physiol. Psych., In press.

    Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J. & PILCHER, C. W. T., 1973, Evidence for an adipokinetic mechanism in the ventromedial hypothalamus, Experientia, 29:793.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PANKSEPP, J., TONGE, D. & OATLEY, K., 1972, Insulin and glucostatic control of feeding, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 78:226.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PARKER, D. C., ROSSMAN, L. G., VANDERLAAN, E. F., 1972, Persistence of rhythmic human growth hormone release during sleep in fasted and nonisocalorically fed normal subjects, Metabolism 21:241.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • PFAFF, D., 1969, Sex differences in food intake changes following pituitary growth hormone or prolactin injections, Proc. 77th Ann. Conv. of Am. Psychol. Assoc. 77:211.

    Google Scholar 

  • PICHICHERO, M., BEER, B. & CLODY, D. C., 1973, Effects of dibutyryl cyclic amp on resotration of function of damaged sciatic nerve in rats, Science, 182:724.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • POWLEY, T. L. & KEESEY, R. E., 1970, Relationship of body weight to the lateral hypothalamic feeding syndrome, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 70:25.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • POWLEY, T. L. & OPSAKL, C. A., 1974, Ventromedial hypothalamic obesity abolished by subdiaphragmatic vagotomy, Am. J. Physiol. 226:25.

    Google Scholar 

  • RANDLE, P. J., GARLAND, P. B., HALES, C. N., NEWSHOLME, E. A., DENTON, R. M., & POGSON, C. I., Interation of metabolism and the physiological role of insulin, Rec. Prog. Horm. Res. 22:1.

    Google Scholar 

  • REDDING, T. W., BOWERS, C. Y., & SCHALLY, A. V., 1966, Effects of hypophysectomy on hypothalamic obesity in CBA mice, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 121:727.

    Google Scholar 

  • ROBERTS, S., KENNEY, N. J., & MOCK, D. G., 1972, Overeating induced by progesterone in the ovariectomized, adrenalectomized rat, Horm. Behav. 3:267.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ROSS, G. E., & ZUCKER, I., 1974, Progesterone and the ovarian-adrenal modulation of energy balance in rats, Horm. Behav. 5:43.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • RUSSEK, M., MOGENSON, G. J. & STEVENSON, J. A. F., 1967, Calorigenic, hyperglycemic and anorexigenic effects of adrenaline and non-adrenaline, Physiol. Behav. 2:429.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SCHALLY, A. V., REDDING, T. W., LUCIEN, H. W. & MEYER, J., 1967, Enterogastrone inhibits eating by fasted mice, Science 157:210.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SCHEMMEL, R., MICKELSEN, O., PIERCE, S. A., JOHNSON, J. T., & SCHIERMER, R. G., 1971, Fat depot removal, food intake, body fat and fat depot weights in obese rats, Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol, Med. 136:1269.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SCHULMAN, J. L., CARLETON, J. L., WHITNEY, G. & WHITEHORN, J. C., 1957, Effect of glucagon on food intake and body weight in man, J. Applied Physiol. 11:419.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SCIORELLI, G., POLONI, M, & RINDI, G., 1972, Evidence of cholinergic mediation of ingestive responses elicited by dibutyryladenosine- 3’, 5’ -monophosphate in rat hypothalamus, Brain Res. 48:427.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SKIDMORE, I. F., SCHONHOFER, P. S., BOURNE, H. R. & KRISHNA, G., 1972, Effect of adrenalectomy and cortisone replacement on the lipolysis in fat tissue and fat cells, Naynyn-Schmiedeberg’s Arch, Pharmak. 274:113.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SIMS, E. A. H., DANFORTH, E., JR., HORTON, E. S., BRAY, G. A., GLENNON, J. A. & SALANS, L. B., 1973, Endocrine and metabolic effects of experimental obesity in man. Rec, Prog. Horn. Res. 29:457.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SINGER, G. & KELLY, J., 1972, Cholinergic and adrenergic interaction in the hypothalamic control of drinking and eating behavior, Physiol. Behav. 8:885.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SMITH, C. J. V., 1972, Hypothalamic glucoreceptors—the influence of gold-thioglucose implants in the ventromedial and lateral hypothalamic areas of normal and diabetic rats, Physiol. Behav. 9:391.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SMITH, G. P., GIBBS, J. & YOUNG, R. C., 1974, Cholecystokinin and “Intestinal Satiety” in the rat, Fed. Proc. 33:1146.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SMITH, P. E., 1927, The disability caused by hypophysectomy and their repair: the tuberal (hypothalamic) syndrome in the rat, J. Am. Med. Association 88:158.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STEFFENS, A. B., 1970, Plasma insulin content in relation to blood glucose level and meal pattern in the normal and hypothalamic hyperphagic rat, Physiol. Behav. 5:147.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STEINBAUM, E. A. & MILLER, N. E., 1965, Obesity from eating elicited by daily stimulation of hypothalamus, Am. J. Physiol. 208:1.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STERN, J. S. & HIRSCH, J., 1972, Obesity and pancreatic function, Handbook of Physiology, Section 7: Vol. 1. Endocrine Pancreas, pp, 641–651, Am. Physiol. Soc. Washington, D. C.

    Google Scholar 

  • STEVENSON, J. A. F., BOX, B. M., FILEKI, V. & BOSTON, J. K., 1966, Bouts of exercise and food intake in the rat, J. Appl. Physiol. 21:118.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STEVENSON, J. A. F. & FRANKLIN, C., 1970, Effects of acth and corticosteroids in the regulation of food and water intake. Prog. Brain Res. Vol. 32 Pituitary, Adrenal and the Brain, pp. 515–152, Elsevier, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • STRAUTZ, R. L., 1970, Studies of hereditary-obese mice (ob/ob) after implantation of pancreatic islets in millipore filter capsules, Diabetologia 6:306.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STUMPF, W. E., 1970, Estrogen-neurons and estrogen-neuron systems in the periventricular brain, Am. J. Anat. 129:207.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • STUNKARD, A. J. & BLUMENTHAL, S. A., 1972, Glucose tolerance and obesity, Metabolism 21:599.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • SZABO, O. & SZABO, J., 1972, Evidence for an insulin-sensitive receptor in the central nervous system, Am. J. Physiol. 223:1349.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • TARTTELIN, M. F. & GORSKI, R. A., 1973, The effects of ovarian steroids on food and water intake and body weight in the female rat, Acta Endocrinol. 72:551.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • UNGERSTEDT, U., 1971, Adipsia and aphagia after 6-hydroxydopamine induced degeneration of the nigro-striatal dopamine system, Acta Physiol. Scand. Suppll. 367:95.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • VALENSTEIN, E., COX, V. C. & KAKOLEWSKI, J. W., 1969, Sex differences in hyperphagia and body weight following hypothalamic damage, Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci. 157:1030.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • VALENSTEIN, E., WEBER, M. L., 1965, Potentiation of insulin coma by saccharin, J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 60:443.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WADE, G. N., 1972, Gonadal hormones and behavioral regulation of body weight, Physiol. Behav. 8:315.

    Google Scholar 

  • WADE, G. N. & ZUCKER, I., 1970, Modulation of food intake and locomotor activity in female rats by diencephalic hormone implants. J. Gomp. Physiol. Psych. 72:328.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WADE, G. N. & ZUCKER, I., 1969, Taste Preferences of female rats: modification by neonatal hormones, food deprivation and prior experience, Physiol. Behav. 4:935.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WALKER, D. W. & REMLEY, N. R., 1970, The relationships among percentage body weight loss, circulating free fatty acids and consummatory behavior in rats, Physiol. Behav. 5:301.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WHEATLEY, M. C., 1944, The hypothalamus and affective behavior in cats, Archs. Neurol, Psychiat. 52:296.

    Google Scholar 

  • WILLIAMS, R. H., 1968, Textbook of Endocrinology, W. B. Saunders, Co., Philadelphia.

    Google Scholar 

  • WOODS, S. G. & SHOGREN, R. E., JR., 1972, Glycemic responses following conditioning with different doses of insulin in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psych. 81:220.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • WOODS, S. C., DECKE, E. & WASSELLI, J. R., 1974, Metabolic hormones and regulation of body weight, Psychol. Rev. 81:26.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • YAKSH, T. L. & MYERS, R. D., 1972, Neurohumoral substances released from hypothalamus of the monkey during hunger and satiety, Am. J. Physiol. 222:503.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • YORK, D. A. & BRAY, G. A., 1972, Dependence of hypothalamic obesity on insulin, the pituitary and the adrenal gland. Endorinol. 90:885.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • YORK, D. A., HERSHMAN, J. M., UTIGER, R. D. & BRAY, G. A., 1972, Thyrotropin secretion in genetically obese rats, Endocrinol. 90:67.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • YOUNG, D. A. B., BENSON, B., ASSAL, J. P. & BALANT, L., 1969, A serum inhibitor of insulin action on muscle as a physiological control mechanism, Diabetes. Proceedings of the Sixth Congress of the International Diabetes Federation. Excerpta Med. Found. Intern. Congr. Ser. 172:248.

    Google Scholar 

  • YOUNG, T. K. & LIU, A. C., 1965, Hyperphagia, insulin and obesity, Chinese J. Physiol. 19:247.

    Google Scholar 

  • ZONDEK, H., 1944, The disease of the Endocrine Glands, Williams & Wilkins, Co., Baltimore.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1975 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Panksepp, J. (1975). Hormonal Control of Feeding Behavior and Energy Balance. In: Eleftheriou, B.E., Sprott, R.L. (eds) Hormonal Correlates of Behavior. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4467-4_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4467-4_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-4469-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-4467-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics