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The Use of Isoelectric Focusing in the Separation and Characterization of Nuclear Nonhistone Proteins

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Biological and Biomedical Applications of Isoelectric Focusing

Part of the book series: Biological Separations ((BIOSEP))

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Abstract

Much interest has recently been directed toward the nonhistone proteins (NHP) of the cell nucleus, in particular those associated with DNA itself as found in preparations of interphase chromosomes that are commonly referred to as “chromatin.” Unlike the histones that are now a well characterized group of five or six basic proteins and appear to fulfill a structural role in chromatin, the NHP contain a wide range of activities (see reviews by MacGillivray and Rickwood (1974a), Elgin and Weintraub (1975), and MacGillivray (1976). These vary from enzymes associated with nuclear metabolism, e.g., nucleic acid polymerases and kinases, to proteins more intimately involved with the structure and function of chromatin (Table 1). Although several polypeptides have been identified in NHP that could have relevance to the structural organization of chromosomes, e.g., contractile proteins, most interest has centered on the fact that the NHP contain factors that can control various aspects of gene expression. These range from steroid hormone receptor—acceptor sites in target cell chromatin (see Schrader et al., 1972) through proteins that can alter the template properties of both chromatin and free DNA in vitro (see Kamiyama and Wang,

1971; Kostraba et al., 1975) to activities that are apparently responsible for the control of the expression of specific genes, such as those coding for globin or histone (Barrett et al., 1974; Gilmour and Paul, 1975; Chiu et al., 1975; Stein et al., 1975a).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Wolfson Laboratory for Molecular Pathology, Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Glasgow, G61, Scotland

    A. J. MacGillivray

  2. School of Biological Sciences, The University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9QG, England, U.K.

    A. J. MacGillivray

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  1. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts

    Nicholas Catsimpoolas

  2. Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts

    James Drysdale

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MacGillivray, A.J. (1977). The Use of Isoelectric Focusing in the Separation and Characterization of Nuclear Nonhistone Proteins. In: Catsimpoolas, N., Drysdale, J. (eds) Biological and Biomedical Applications of Isoelectric Focusing. Biological Separations. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-4181-9_6

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