Skip to main content

Theorem Proving in Hierarchical Clausal Specifications

  • Chapter
Advances in Algorithms, Languages, and Complexity

Abstract

In this paper we are interested in an algebraic specification language that (1) allows for sufficient expessiveness, (2) admits a well-defined se-mantics, and (3) allows for formal proofs. To that end we study clausal specifications over built-in algebras. To keep things simple, we consider built-in algebras only that are given as the initial model of a Horn clause specification. On top of this Horn clause specification new operators are (partially) defined by positive/negative conditional equations. In the first part of the paper we define three types of semantics for such a hierarchical specification: model-theoretic, operational, and rewrite-based semantics. We show that all these semantics coincide, provided some restrictions are met. We associate a distinguished algebra A spec to a hierachical specification spec. This algebra is initial in the class of all models of spec. In the second part of the paper we study how to prove a theorem (a clause) valid in the distinguished algebra A spec. We first present an abstract framework for inductive theorem provers. Then we instantiate this framework for proving inductive validity., Finally we give some examples to show how concrete proofs are carried out.

This report was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinchaft, SFB 314 (D4-Projekt)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. J. Avenhaus. Reduktionssysteme (in German), Springer-Verlag, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  2. J. Avenhaus, K. Becker. Operational specifications with built-ins., In Proc. 11th Annual Symposium on Theoretical Aspects of Computer Science, volume 775 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 263–274. Springer-Verlag, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  3. J. Avenhaus and C. Loría-Sáenz., On conditional rewrite systems with extra variables and deterministic logic programs. In Proc. Int. Conference on Logic Programming and Automated Reasoning, volume 822 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 215–229. Springer-Verlag, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  4. L. Bachmair. Proof by consistency in equational theories., In Proc. 3 rd Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, pages 228–233, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  5. L. Bachmair, H. Ganzinger. Rewrite-based equational teorem proving with selection and simplification., J. Logic and Computation, 4 (3): 1–31, 1994.

    Article  MathSciNet  Google Scholar 

  6. K. Becker. Rewrite operationalization of clausal specifications with predefined structures. PhD thesis, Univ. Kaiserslautern, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  7. E. Bevers, J. Lewi. Proof by consistency in conditional equaltional theories., In Proc. 2 nd International Workshop on Conditional and Typed Rewriting Systems, volume 516 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 194–205. Springer-Verlag, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  8. A. Bouhoula, M. Rusinowitch. Automatic case analysis in proof by induction., In Proc. of the 13 th IJCAI, pages 88–94, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  9. RR. Boyer, JS. Moore., A Computational Logic, Academic Press, 1979.

    MATH  Google Scholar 

  10. M. Broy, M. Wirsing, C. Pair. A systematic study of models of abstract data types., Theoretical Computer Science, pages 139–174, 1984.

    Google Scholar 

  11. N. Dershowitz, J.-P. Jouannaud. Rewrite systems. In J. van Leeuwen, editor, Handbook of Theoretical Computer Science, volume B, chapter 6, pages 243-320. Elsevier, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  12. B. Gramlich. Completion based inductive theorem proving: A case study in verifying sorting algorithms. SEKI-Report SR-90-04, Fachbereich Infor-matik, Universität Kaiserslautern, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  13. G.P. Huet. Confluent reductions: Abstract properties and applications to term rewriting systems. Journal of the ACM, pages 797–821, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  14. G.P. Huet, J.-M., Hullot., Proofs by induction in equational theories with constructors., Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 25: 239–266, 1982.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  15. J.-P. Jouannaud and E. Kounalis., Automatic proofs by induction in theories without constructors., Information and Computation, 82: 1–33, 1989.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  16. S. Kaplan. Conditional rewrite rules., Theoretical Computer Science, 33: 175–193, 1984.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  17. S. Kaplan. Positive/negative conditional rewriting., In Proc. 1 st International Workshop on Conditional Term Rewriting Systems, volume 308 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 129–143. Springer-Verlag, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  18. D. Kapur and D. Musser. Proof by consistency., Artificial Intelligence, 31: 125–157, 1987.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  19. D. Kapur and D.R. Musser. Inductive reasoning with incomplete specifications., In Proc. 1 st Annual IEEE Symposium on Logic in Computer Science, pages 367–377. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1986.

    Google Scholar 

  20. P. Padawitz. Deduction and declarative programming, Cambridge University Press, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  21. U.S. Reddy. Term rewriting induction., In Proc. 10 th International Conference on Automated Deduction, volume 449 of Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 162–177. Springer-Verlag, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  22. Chr. Walther. Mathematical induction,. In D.M. Gabbay, C.J. Hogger, and J.A. Robinson, editors, Handbook of Logic in Artificial Intelligence and Logic Programming, volume 2. Oxford University Press, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  23. W. Wechler. Universal algebra for computer scientists, volume 25 of EATCS Monographs on Theoretical Computer Sciences, Springer-Verlag, 1992

    Google Scholar 

  24. C.-P. Wirth. Syntactic confluence criteria for positive/negative-conditional term rewriting systems. SEKI-Report SR-95-09, Fachbereich Informatik, Universität Kaiserslautern, 1995

    Google Scholar 

  25. C.-P. Wirth. Positive/negative-conditional equations: A constructor based framework for specification and inductive theorem proving. PhD thesis, Univ. Kaiserslautern, 1996

    Google Scholar 

  26. C.-P. Wirth and K. Becker., Abstract notions and inference systems for proofs by mathematical induction., In Proc. 4th International Workshop on Conditional and Typed Rewriting Systems, volume 968 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 353–373. Springer-Verlag, 1994

    Google Scholar 

  27. C.-P. Wirth and B. Gramlich., A constructor-based approach for positive/negative conditional equational specifications., In Proc. 3rd International Workshop on Conditional Term Rewriting Systems, volume 656 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 198–212. Springer-Verlag, 1993

    Google Scholar 

  28. C.-P. Wirth and B. Gramlich., A constructor-based approach to positive/negative-conditional equational specifications., Journal of Symbolic Computation, 17: 51–90, 1994.

    Article  MathSciNet  MATH  Google Scholar 

  29. C.-P. Wirth and B. Gramlich., On notions of inductive validity for first- order equational clauses. In Proc. 12 th International Conference on Automated Deduction, volume 814 of Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence, pages 162–176. Springer-Verlag, June 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  30. H. Zhang, D. Kapur, and M.S. Krishnamoorthy., A mechanizable induction principle for equational specifications., In Proc. 9 th International Conference on Automated Deduction, volume 310 of Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pages 162–181. Springer-Verlag, 1988

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Kluwer Academic Publishers

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Avenhaus, J., Madlener, K. (1997). Theorem Proving in Hierarchical Clausal Specifications. In: Du, DZ., Ko, KI. (eds) Advances in Algorithms, Languages, and Complexity. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3394-4_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3394-4_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3396-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3394-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics