Skip to main content

Mass Transfer of Gases to Growing Water Droplets

  • Chapter
Polluted Rain

Part of the book series: Environmental Science Research ((ESRH))

Abstract

The absorption of gases by clouds, fogs and water droplets is a key step in the removal process for many trace gases in the atmosphere. The high acid content of rainfall in many industrial regions is attributed to the absorption of sulfur and nitrogen oxides. Upon the release of fossil fuel stack gases, containing water vapor, which are rapidly cooled from 250°F to ambient temperatures, much of the associated oxides of sulfur and nitrogen is dissolved as the water is condensed upon suspended particles and the smoke plume is formed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Gartrell, F. E., F. W. Thomas, and S. B. Carpenter, “Atmospheric Oxidation of SO2 in Coal-Burning Power Plant Plumes”, Amer. Ind, Hyg. Assoc. J., 24, 113 (1963).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Bogaevskii, O. A., “Absorption of a Gas on a Growing Drop”, Zh. Fiz. Khim., 43, 719 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  3. Matteson, J. M. and T. L. Wills. Wills, “Colloid and Interface Science”, vol. II, pp. 95–105, M. Kerker, ed., Academic Press, Inc., New York, N.Y. (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  4. Matteson, M. J. and M. J. Oliver, “The Absorption of Oxygen by Condensing and Evaporating Water Droplets”, Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 39, 783 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Herrmann, J. P. and M. J. Matteson, “The Absorption of Nitrogen Dioxide by Condensing Water Droplets”, AIChE 70th Annual Mtg., New York, November 13–17, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bird, R. B., W. E. Stewart and E. N. Lightfoot, “Transport Phenomena”, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Angelo, J. B., N. Lightfoot, and D. W. Howard, “Generalization of the Penetration Theory for Surface Stretch”, J. Am. Inst. Chem. Engr., 12, 751 (1966).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Jones, G. and W. H. Ray, “Surface Tension of Solutions of Electrolytes as a Function of Concentration”, J. Amer. Chem. Soc., 63, 288 (1941).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Kamenetskii, F., “Diffusion and Heat Exchange in Chemical Kinetics”, Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J. (1955).

    Google Scholar 

  10. Matteson, M. J., W. Stober and H. Luther, “Kinetics of the Oxidation of Sulfur Dioxide by Aerosols of Manganese Sulfate”, Ind. and Eng. Chem., 8, 677 (1969).

    Google Scholar 

  11. West-Gaeke Method, ASTM, D2914 (1971).

    Google Scholar 

  12. Borok, M. T., “Dependence of the Degree of Absorption of Nitrogen Dioxide in Water on its Concentration in a Gaseous Mixture”, Zh. Prik. Khim., 33, 8, 1761 (1960).

    Google Scholar 

  13. Palmes, E. D., A. F. Gunnison, J. Dimattio and C. Tomezyk, “Personal Sampler for Nitrogen Dioxide”, Am. Ind. Hyg. Assoc. J., 37, 570 (1976).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Crecelius, H., and W. Forwerg, “Investigations of the Saltzman Factor”, Staub., 30, 7, 23 (1970).

    Google Scholar 

  15. Dekker, W. A., E. Snoeck and H. Kermers, “The Rate of Absorption of N02 in Water”, Chem. Eng. Sci., 11, 61 (1959).

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1980 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Flack, W.W., Matteson, M.J. (1980). Mass Transfer of Gases to Growing Water Droplets. In: Toribara, T.Y., Miller, M.W., Morrow, P.E. (eds) Polluted Rain. Environmental Science Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3060-8_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-3060-8_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4613-3062-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-3060-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics