Skip to main content

An Overview of Enhanced Sintering Treatments for Iron

  • Chapter
  • 508 Accesses

Abstract

The fundamental sintering behavior of iron is examined to determine possible success in enhancing the rate or improving the properties. Within this scope, both liquid phase and activated sintering treatments are considered. Various additions are discussed in terms of diffusivity and phase diagram data. Small concentrations of additions like B, C, N and P are identified as candidate additives for enhanced sintering when combined with various refractory or transition metals.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. R. M. German and Z. A. Munir, Activated Sintering of Refractory Metals by Transition Metal Additions, Reviews Powder Met. Physical Ceram., 1982, Vol. 2, pp. 9—44.

    Google Scholar 

  2. A. S. Reshamwala and G. S. Tendolkar, Activated Sintering Part I, Powder Met. Inter., 1969, Vol. 1, pp. 58—61.

    Google Scholar 

  3. A. S. Reshamwala and G. S. Tendolkar, Activated Sintering Part II, Powder Met. Inter., 1970, Vol. 2, pp. 15—19.

    Google Scholar 

  4. J. Barta, Activated Sintering, Powder Met. Inter., 1970, Vol. 2, pp. 52—57.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. J. Shaler, Activated Sintering- A Review, Sintering and Related Phenomena, G. C. Kuczynski, N. A. Hooton and C. F. Gibbon (eds.), Gordon and Breach, New York, NY, 1967, pp. 807 – 823.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Z. A. Munir and R. M. German, A Generalized Model for the prediction of periodic Trends in the Activation of the Sintering of Refractory Metals, High Temp. Sci., 1967, Vol. 9, pp. 275 – 283.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. V. N. Eremenko, Y. V. Naidich and I. A. Lavrinenko, Liquid Phase Sintering, Consultants Bureau, New York, NY, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  8. F. Eisenkolb, Sintering in the Presence of a Liquid Phase, Powder Metallurgy, W. Leszynski (ed.), Interscience, New York, NY, 1961, pp. 75 – 95.

    Google Scholar 

  9. S. L. Forss, Some Aspects of the Sintering of Iron Powder, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 2, H. H. Hausner (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1966, pp. 3 – 11.

    Google Scholar 

  10. F. Thummler and W. Thomma, The Sintering Process, Metallurgical Reviews, 1967, Vol. 12, pp. 69 – 108.

    Google Scholar 

  11. M. J. Koczak, The Effect of Particle Size and Shape on the Mechanical Properties of Sintered Iron, Powder Met. Inter., 1972, Vol. 4, pp. 186 – 191.

    Google Scholar 

  12. M. Oxley and G. Cizeron, Application of Dilatometric and Microfractographic Methods to the Study of the Sintering of Iron, Inter. J. Powder Met., 1965, Vol. 1, No. 2, pp. 15 – 27.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. A. R. Poster and H. H. Hausner, Alpha and Gamma Phase Sintering of Carbonyl and Other Iron Powders, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 2, H. H. Hausner (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1966, pp. 26 – 43.

    Google Scholar 

  14. H. F. Fischmeister and R. Zahn, The Mechanism of Sintering of Alpha-Fe, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 2, H. H. Hausner (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1966, pp. 12 – 25.

    Google Scholar 

  15. E. Aigeltinger and J. P. Drolet, Third-Stage Sintering of Carbonyl Iron Powder, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 6, H. H. Hausner and W. E. Smith (eds.), Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1974, pp. 323 – 341.

    Google Scholar 

  16. H. F. Fischmeister, Densification and Grain Growth in the Later Stages of Sintering of Alpha-Iron, Iron Powder Metallurgy, H. H. Hausner, K. H. Roll and P. K. Johnson (eds.), Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1968, pp. 262 – 283.

    Google Scholar 

  17. F. B. Swinkels and M. F. Ashby, A Second Report on Sintering Diagrams, Acta Met., 1981, Vol. 29, pp. 259 – 281.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. J. Askill, Tracer Diffusion Data for Metals, Alloys, and Simple Oxides, IFI/Plenum, New York, NY, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  19. R. M. German and K. A. D’Angelo, Enhanced Sintering Treatments for Ferrous Powders Inter. Metals Rev., 1983.

    Google Scholar 

  20. H. S. Cannon and F. V. Lenel, Some Observations on the Mechanisms of Liquid Phase Sintering, Proceedings First Plansee Seminar, F. Benesovsky (ed.), Metallwerk Plansee, Reutte, Austria, 1953, pp. 106 – 121.

    Google Scholar 

  21. F. J. Esper, K. H. Friese and R. Zeller, Sintering Reaction and Radial Compressive Strength of Iron-Tin and Iron-Copper-Tin Powder Compacts, Inter. J. Powder Met., 1969, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 19 – 32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. R. Duckett and D. A. Robins, Tin Additions to Aid the Sintering of Iron Powder, Metallurgia, 1966, October Issue, pp. 163–167.

    Google Scholar 

  23. W. F. Jandeska, Activated Low Temperature Sintering og Iron Powder Structures, Prog. Powder Met, 1981, Vol. 37, pp. 233–253.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. P. Lindskog, J. Tengzelius and S. A. Kvist, Phosphorus as an Alloying Element in Ferrous P/M, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 10, H. H. Hausner and P. W. Taubenblat (eds.), Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1977, pp. 97 – 128.

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. S. Hwang and R. M. German, High Density Ferrous Components by Activated Sintering, Processing of Metal and Ceramic Powders, R. M. German and K. W. Lay (eds.), The Metallurgical Society, Warrendale, PA, 1982, pp. 295 – 310.

    Google Scholar 

  26. M. Hamiuddin and G. S. Upadhyaya, Effect of Molybdenum on Sintering of Iron and Iron-Phosphorus Premix, Powder Met., 1980, Vol. 23, pp. 136 – 139.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. P. Lindskog and I. I. Ivanova, Investigation of the Activated Sintering of Iron Powder, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 2, H. H. Hausner (ed.), Plenum Press, New York, NY, 1966, pp. 45 – 61.

    Google Scholar 

  28. A. Squire, Iron-Graphite Powder Compacts, Trans. AIME, Vol. 171, 1947, pp. 473 – 484.

    Google Scholar 

  29. J. Klein, A Preliminary Investigation of Liquid Phase Sintering in Ferrous Systems, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, University of California, Berkeley, CA, Report LBL-3549, April 1975.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  30. S. Banerjee, V. Gemenetzis and F. Thummler, Liquid Phase Formation During Sintering of Low-Alloy Steels with Carbide-Base Master Alloy Additions, Powder Met., 1980, Vol. 23, pp. 126 – 129.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. S. M. Kaufman, The Use of Master Alloys for Producing Low Alloy P/K Steels, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 10, H. H. Hausner and P. W. Taubenblat (eds.), Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1977, pp. 1 – 13.

    Google Scholar 

  32. H. P. Aksas and A. Kobylanski, A Dilatometric Study of Sintering Iron-VC, WC Composites, Modern Developments in Powder Metallurgy, Vol. 14, H. H. Hausner, H. W. Antes and G. D. Smith (eds.), Metal Powder Industries Federation, Princeton, NJ, 1981, pp. 335 – 345.

    Google Scholar 

  33. B. Kieback and W. Schatt, The Application of Momentary Liquid Phase Sintering for the Manufacture of Fe-Ti Sintered Alloys, planseeber. Pulvermatall., 1980, Vol. 28, pp. 204 – 215.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. M. Eudier, Note on the Activated Sintering as Influencing the Theories of the Sintering Mechanism, Sintering and Related Phenomena, G. C. Kuczynski, N. A. Hooton and C. F. Gibbon (eds.), Gordon and Breach, New York, NY, 1967, pp. 829 – 839.

    Google Scholar 

  35. I. M. Fedoechenko, I. G. Slys, I. I. Odienko and B. Y. Kosov, Note on the Activated Sintering as Influencing the Theories of the Sintering Mechanism, Soviet Powder Met. Metal Ceram., 1976, Vol. 15, pp. 919 – 922.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. R. D. McIntyre, The Effect of HC1-H2 Sintering Atmosphere on the properties of Compacted Iron Powder, Trans. Quart. ASM, 1964, Vol. 57, pp. 351 – 354.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

German, R.M. (1984). An Overview of Enhanced Sintering Treatments for Iron. In: Kuczynski, G.C., Miller, A.E., Sargent, G.A. (eds) Materials Science Research. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2761-5_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2761-5_8

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9707-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2761-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics