Abstract
SMOKA, an entrainment model for moist heat sources, contains a set of seven differential equations: horizontal and vertical motion, enthalpy, vapour, cloud water, rain water, any admixture. It respects buoyancy, conversion of sensible and latent heat, mixing of plume air and environmental air as well as mutual mixing of up to ten separate sources. The entrainment rate depends on wind shearing and RICHARDSON number and is based on modern boundary layer theories. The model is calibrated by cooling tower plume observations. The results of the verification are shown.
The dependence on the marginal conditions (waste heat, wind speed, atmospheric stability, temperature, humidity) is demonstrated.
The model is applied to radiosonde data of five stations (about 3650 data sets of each one). This large number allows statistical declarations on cooling tower plumes respecting regional and seasonal particularities.
SMOKA can also be used for other heat sources. Calculations for the purpose of calibrating and testing the model applied to hot smoke are in preparation.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Rudolf, B., Ein numerisches Modell zur Berechnung der Wolkenbil dung รผber einem Kรผhlturm, Diplomarbeit, Met. Inst. d. Uni. Bonn (1974)
Fraedrich, K., Nitsche, H., Rudolf, B., Thommes, W. and Wergen, W., Konvektion und Diffusion รผber einem Kรผhlturm โ Entwurf eines Modells, MBA 25 (ISSN 0006โ7156 ), Met. Inst. d. Uni. Bonn (1978).
Mellor, G.L. and Yamada, T., A. Hierarchy of Turbulence Closure Models for Planetary Boundary Layers, Journ. Atmos. Sei. 31 (1974).
Kessler, E., On the Distribution and Continuity of Water Substance in Atmospheric Circulations, Met. Monogr. 10, Am. Met. Soc. (1969).
Policastro, A.J., Carhart, R.A., Ziemer, S.E. and Haake, K., Evaluation of Mathematical Models for Characterizing Plume Behavior from Cooling Towers, Argonne National Laboratory, NUREG/CR-1581 Vol. 1 (1980).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
ยฉ 1984 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Rudolf, B. (1984). The Cooling Tower Model Smoka and its Application to a Large Set of Data. In: De Wispelaere, C. (eds) Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application III. Nato ยท Challenges of Modern Society, vol 5. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2691-5_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2691-5_16
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9673-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2691-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive