Abstract
The techniques of genetic engineering, mass cell culture and improved technology in protein and nucleic acid sequencing and synthesis have led to considerable progress over the past 5 years towards the development of specific biological approaches to the treatment of cancer. With this technology, highly purified molecules can be mass produced to be used for cancer therapy. Extensive clinical trials are required to demonstrate that biological response modifiers can provide a survival advantage for patients with cancer, but the preliminary data suggest that these approaches can be useful in inducing responses in patients with certain cancers.
Recombinant and non-recombinant α-interferons have been the most extensively studied biological response modifiers in man. Excellent antitumor activity has been demonstrated against favorable-histology non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma and hairy cell leukemia. Less impressive responses for chronic lymphocytic leukemia, unfavorable histology non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and acute leukemia have been reported. Chronic myelogenous leukemia appears to have an intermediate response rate.
Most monoclonal antibodies that react with leukemia- and lymphoma-associated antigens appear to have only transient antitumor effects. The most impressive and durable monoclonal antibody response was reported for a patient with non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma treated with an anti-idiotype monoclonal antibody. Monoclonal antibodies conjugated to radionuclides have been used to image tumors and will eventually be used for therapy as well. In addition, monoclonal antibody treatment of autologous bone marrow to “purge” the bone marrow of malignant cells is being studied at a number of center.
Further studies with biological response modifiers in conjunction with surgery, radiation and chemotherapy should be helpful in definitively establishing biological response modifiers as important modalities for cancer treatment.
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© 1985 Martinus Nijhoff Publishing, Boston
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Foon, K.A. (1985). Treatment of Leukemia and Lymphoma with Biological Response Modifiers. In: Baker, L., Valeriote, F., Ratanatharathorn, V. (eds) Biology and Therapy of Acute Leukemia. Developments in Oncology, vol 33. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2609-0_15
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2609-0_15
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