Abstract
Coastal areas are frequently favored as sites for cities, industrial activity and power plants. Therefore, it is important to understand the meteorological conditions that prevail in coastal zones and how these conditions affect the transport, transformation and diffusion of materials emitted into the atmosphere. A brief review of the atmospheric processes that govern pollutant concentration will provide a basis for discussing shoreline conditions and their effects on concentration.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ames, J., Myers, T.C., Reid, L.E., Whitney, D.C., Golding, S.H., Hayes, S.R., Reynolds, S.D., 1978, “User’s Manual for the SAI Airshed Model,” SAI, Inc., San Rafael, California (draft).
Anderson, S.F. and Bornstein, R.D., 1980, “Sea Breeze Frontal Slopes and Vertical Velocities over New York City,” Preprints Second Conf. on Coastal Meteorology, Los Angeles, January 30- February 1.
Angell, J.K. and Pack, D.H., 1965, “A Study of the Sea Breeze at Atlantic City Using Tetroons as Lagrangian Tracers,” Mon. Wea. Rev., 93: 475.
Bellaire, F.R., 1956, “The Modification of Warm Air Moving Over Cold Water,” Proc. 8th Conf. on Great Lakes Research.
Benkley, C.W. and Bass, A., 1979, “Development of Mesoscale Air Quality Models, Vol. 2: User’s Guide to MESOPLUME Model,” Contract Report National Oceanic and Atmos. Admin. Contract 03-6-02-35254, Environmental Research and Technology, Inc., Concord, Massachusetts.
Bierly, E.W. and Hewson, E.W., 1962, “Some Restrictive Meteorological Conditions to be Considered in the Design of Stacks,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 1:383.
Biggs, W.G. and Graves, M.E., 1962, “A Lake Breeze Index,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 1: 474
Bornstein, R.D., 1982, “Transport and Dispersion in an Urban Coastal Environment During Sea Breeze Frontal Conditions,” Proc. 1st Internat. Conf. on Meteorol. and Air/Sea Interact, of the Coastal Zone, The Hague, Netherlands.
Bornstein, R.D., 1983, Personal communication.
Bornstein, R.D. and Thompson, W.T., 1981, “Effects of Frictionally Retarded Sea Breeze and Synoptic Frontal Passages in Sulfur Dioxide Concentrations in New York City,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 20: 843.
Cass, G.R. and Shair, F.H., 1980, “Transport of Sulfur Oxides Within The Los Angeles Sea Breeze/Land Breeze Circulation System,” Proc. Second Joint Conf. on Applications of Air Pollution Meteorology, New Orleans, American Meteorological Society.
Dabberdt, W.F., Brodzinsky, R., Cantrell, B.K., Ruff, R.E., Dietz, R., and SethuRaman, S., 1982, “Atmospheric Dispersion over Water and in the Shoreline Transition Zone,” Final Report, Vol. I for American Petroleum Institute, SRI International (Project 3450 ).
Deardorff, J.W., 1972, “Parameterization of the Planetary Boundary Layer,” Mon. Wea. Rev., 100: 93.
DiVecchio, R.A., Smith, D.B., and Martin, G., 1976, “Performance of a Recent Formulation for Rate of Growth of Boundary Layers Near Shorelines,” Proc. Conf. on Coastal Met., September, Virginia Beach, Virginia, American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Edinger, J.G. and Helvey, R.A., 1961, “The San Fernando Convergence Zone,” Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 42: 626.
Gifford, F., 1976, “Turbulent Diffusion Typing Schemes: A Review,” Nuclear Safety, 17: 68.
Hewson, E.W. and Olsson, L.E., 1967, “Lake Effects on Air Pollution Dispersion,” J. Air Pol. Cont. Assoc., 17: 757.
Hung, R.J. and Liaw, G.S., 1981, “Advection Fog Formation in a Polluted Atmosphere,” J. Air Poll. Cont. Assoc., 31: 55.
Johnson, A. and OfBrien, J.J., 1973, “A Study of an Oregon Sea Breeze Event,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 12: 1267.
Johnson, W.B., Dickson, C.R., Coulter, R.L., and Kornasiewicz, R.A., 1983, “Preliminary Results from SEADEX-I,” 14th Inter. Tech. Meeting on Air Poll. Modeling and Its Applic., Copenhagen, Denmark, 27–30 September.
Keen, C.S. and Lyons, W.A., 1978, “Lake/Land Breeze Circulations in the Western Shore of Lake Michigan,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 17: 1843.
Keen, C.S., Lyons, W.A., and Schuh, J.A., 1979, “Air Pollution Transport Studies in a Coastal Zone Using Kinematic Diagnostic Analysis,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 18: 606.
Kerman, B.R., Mickle, R.E., Portelli, R.V., Trivett, N.B., and Misra, P.K., 1982, “The Nanticoke Shoreline Dispersion Experiment, June 1978—II, Internal Boundary Layer Structure,” Atmos. Env., 16: 423.
Lange, R., 1978, “ADPIC—A Three-Dimensional Particle-in-Cell Model for the Dispersal of Pollutants and Its Comparison to Regional Tracer Studies,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 12: 320.
Liu, M-k., Stewart, D.A., and Henderson, D., 1982, “A Mathematical Model for the Analysis of Acid Deposition,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 21: 859.
Ludwig, F.L., 1983, “Air Quality Models Suitable for Use With A Coastal Boundary Layer Model,” Review Paper for Stanford University, Civil Engineering Dept., Stanford, California.
Ludwig, F.L. and Dabberdt, W.F., 1976, “A Comparison of Two Atmospheric Stability Classification Schemes in An Urban Application,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 15: 1172.
Ludwig, F.L., Gasiorek, L.A., and Ruff, R.E., 1977, “Simplification of a Gaussian Puff Model for Real-Time Minicomputer Use,” Atmos. Envir., 11: 431.
Lyons, W.A., 1972, “The Climatology and Prediction of the Chicago Lake Breeze,”J. Appl. Meteorol., 11: 1259.
Lyons, W.A., 1975, “Turbulent Diffusion and Pollutant Transport in Shoreline Environments,” Chapter 5 of Lectures on Air Pollution and Environmental Impact Analyses, American Meteoro-logical Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Lyons, W.A. and Cole, H.S., 1973, “Fumigation and Plume Trapping on the Shores of Lake Michigan During Stable Onshore Flow,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 12: 494.
Lyons, W.A. and Cole, H.S., 1976, “Photochemical Oxidant Transport: Mesoscale Lake Breeze and Synoptic Aspects,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 15: 733.
Maas, S.J. and Harrison, P.R., 1977, “Dispersion Over Water: A Case Study of a Nonbuoyant Plume in the Santa Barbara Channel California,” Proc. Conf. on Applications of Air Poll. Meteorol., Salt Lake City, American Meteorological Society, Boston, Massachusetts.
Meyer, J.H., 1971, “Radar Observations of Land Breeze Fronts,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 10: 1224.
Michael, P., Raynor, G.S., and Brown, R.M., 1973, “Atmospheric Dif-fusion from an Off-Shore Site,” Proc. Phys. Behav. of Radio-active Contam. in the Atmosphere, Vienna, Austria.
Noonkester, V.R., 1979, “Coastal Marine Fog in Southern California,” Mon. Wea. Rev., 107: 830.
Olsson, L.E., Cole, A.L., and Hewson, E.W., 1968, “An Observational Study of the Lake Breeze on the Eastern Shore of Lake Michigan, 25 June 1965,” Proc. 11th Conf. on Great Lakes Research.
Pechinger, U., 1983, “Review of Selected Three-Dimensional Sea Breeze Models,” 14th Inter. Tech. Meeting on Air Pol. Modeling and Its Application, Copenhagen, Denmark, 27–30 September
Peters, L.K., 1975, “On the Criteria for the Occurrence of Fumiga-tion Inland from a Large Lake,” Atmos. Env., 9: 806.
Pielke, R.A., 1974, “A Three Dimensional Numerical Model of the Sea Breezes over South Florida,” Mon. Wea. Rev., 102: 115.
Pilié, R.J., Mack, E.J., Rogers, C.W., Katz, U., and Kocmond, W.C., 1979, “The Formation of Marine Fog and the Development of Fog-Stratus Systems Along the California Coast,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 18: 1275.
Raynor, G.S., Brown, R.M., and SethuRaman, S., 1978, “A Comparison of Diffusion from a Small Island and an Undisturbed Ocean Site,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 17: 129.
Raynor, G.S., Michael, P., Brown, R.M., and SethuRaman, S., 1975, “Studies of Atmospheric Diffusion from a Near Shore Site,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 14: 1080.
Raynor, G.S., Michael, P., and SethuRaman, S., 1980, “Meteorological Measurement Methods and Diffusion Models for Use at Coastal Nuclear Reactor Sites,” Nuclear Safety, 21: 749.
Roberts, J.J., Croke, E.S., and Kennedy, A.S., 1970, “An Urban Atmospheric Dispersion Model,” Proc. Symp. on Multiple-Source Urban Diffusion Models, Air Poll. Cont. Office Pub. No. AP86.
Roll, H.U., 1965, Physics of the Marine Atmosphere, Academic Press, New York.
Schroeder, T.A., 1981, “Characteristics of Local Winds in Northwest Hawaii,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 20: 874.
SethuRaman, S., 1979, “Structure of Turbulence over Water During High Winds,” J. Appl. Meteorol., 18: 324.
Sheih, C.M., 1978, “A Puff Pollutant Dispersion Model with Wind Shear and Dynamic Plume Rise,” Atmos. Environ., 12: 1933.
Sklarew, R.C., Fabrick, A.J., and Prager, 1972, “Mathematical Modeling of Photochemical Smog Using the PICK Method,” J. Air Poll. Cont. Assoc., 22: 265.
Start, G.E. and Wendell, L.L., 1974, “Regional Dispersion Calculations Considering Spatial and Temporal Meteorological Varitions,” National Oceanic and Atmos. Admin. Technical Memo ERL ARL-44.
Summers, P.W., 1965, “An Urban Heat Island Model and Its Application to Montreal,” Paper Presented at 1st Canadian Conf. on Micrometeorol., Toronto, Canada.
Taylor, G.I., 1915, “Eddy Motion in the Atmosphere,” Trans. Roy. Soc., London, 215: 1.
Tennekes, H., 1973, “A Model for the Dynamics of the Inversion Above a Convective Boundary Layer,” J. Atmos. Sci., 30: 558.
Uthe, E.E., Nielsen, N.B., and Jimison, W.L., 1980, “Airborne Lidar Plume and Haze Analyzer (ALPHA-1),” Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 61: 1035.
Venkatram, A., 1977, “Internal Boundary Layer Development and Fumigation,”Atmos. Environ., 11: 479.
Westberg, H., Sexton, K., and Roberts, E., 1981, “Transport of Pollutants Along the Western Shore Of Lake Michigan,” J. Air Poll. Contr. Assoc., 31: 385.
Zannetti, P., Wilbur, D.M., and Schacher, G.E., 1982, “Characterizing Coastal Atmospheric Diffusion from Three-Dimensional Monitoring of SF6 Tracer Releases,” Proc. 1st Int. Conf. on Meteorol. and Air/Sea Interact, of the Coastal Zone, The Hague, Netherlands.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ludwig, F.L. (1985). A Review of Coastal Zone Meteorological Processes Important to the Modeling of Air Pollution. In: De Wispelaere, C. (eds) Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application IV. Nato — Challenges of Modern Society, vol 7. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2455-3_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2455-3_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9491-7
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2455-3
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive