Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Cognitive Approaches

  • Chapter
Handbook of Clinical Behavior Therapy with Adults

  • 196 Accesses

Abstract

In this chapter, we will outline a cognitive approach to the treatment of clinical depression. In particular, we will focus on cognitive therapy (Beck, 1970; Beck, Rush, Shaw, & Emery, 1979), a time-limited, focused intervention targeted at changing the maladaptive beliefs and dysfunctional attitudes posited by cognitive theorists to be causal and/or maintaining factors in depression.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abramson, L. Y., & Sackheim, H. A. (1977). A paradox in depression: Uncontrollability and self-blame. Psychological Bulletin, 84, 838–851.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Angst, J. (1966). Zur atiologic and nosologie endoener depressiver Psychosen. Berlin: Springer, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T. (1967). Depression: Clinical, experimental, and theoretical aspects. New York: Hoeber.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T. (1970). Cognitive therapy: Nature and relation to behavior therapy. Behavior Therapy, 1, 184–200.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., & Greenberg, R. L. (1974). Coping with depression. New York: Institute for Rational Living.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., Ward, C. H., Mendelson, M., Mock, J. E., & Erbaugh, J. K. (1961). An inventory for measuring depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 4, 561–571.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., Rush, A. J., Shaw, B. F., & Emery, G. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression: A treatment manual. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beck, A. T., Hollon, S. D., Bedrosian, R. C., & Young, J. (in press). Treatment of depression with cognitive therapy and amitriptyline. Archives of General Psychiatry.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blackburn, I. M., Bishop, S., Glen, A. I. M., Whalley, L. J., & Christie, J. E. (1981). The efficacy of cognitive therapy in depression: A treatment trial using cognitive therapy and pharmacotherapy, each alone and in combination. British Journal of Psychiatry, 139, 181–189.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Burns, D. (1980). Feeling good: The new mood therapy. New York: Morrow.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, B. J., Feinberg, M., Greden, J. F., Tarika, J., Albala, A. A., Haskett, R. F., James, N. McI, Kronfol, Z., Lohr, N., Steiner, M., de Vigne, J. P., & Young, E. (1981). A specific laboratory test for the diagnosis of melancholia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 15–22.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, B. J., Feinberg, M., Smouse, P. E., Rawson, S. G., & Greden, J. F. (1981). The Carroll Rating Scale for Depression: Vol. I. Development, reliability and validation. British Journal of Psychiatry, 138, 194–200.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Darley, J. M., & Fazio, R. (1980). Expectancy confirmation processes arising in the social interaction sequence. American Psychologist, 35, 867–881.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Depue, R. A., & Monroe, S. M. (1978). The unipolar-bipolar distinction in the depressive disorders. Psychological Bulletin, 85, 1001–1029.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., & Covi, L. (1973). The SCL-90: An outpatient psychiatric rating scale. Psychopharmacology Bulletin, 9, 13–128.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, A. (1962). Reason and emotion in psychotherapy. New York: Lyle Stuart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Garber, J., & Hollon, S. D. (1980). Universal versus personal helplessness in depression: Belief in uncon-trollability or incompetence? Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 89, 56–66.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hamilton, M. (1960). A rating scale for depression. Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry, 23, 56–61.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Hathaway, S. R., & McKinley, J. C. (1951). The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Manual. New York: Psychological Corporation.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hersen, M., Eisler, D., Alford, G., & Agras, W. S. (1973). Effects of token economy on neurotic depression: An experimental analysis. Behavior Therapy, 1973, 4, 392–397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D. Resistance and noncompliance in cognitive behavior therapy for depression. (1983, December). In N. S. Jacobson (Chair), Resistance and noncompliance in cognitive behavior therapy. Washington, DC: Institute conducted at the annual convention of the Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D. (1984). Cognitive therapy for depression: Translating research into practice. The Behavior Therapist, 7, 125–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D., & Beck, A. T. (1979). Cognitive therapy of depression. In P. C. Kendall & S. D. Hollon (Eds.), Cognitive-behavioral interventions: Theory, research, and procedures (pp. 153–204). New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D., & Garber, J. (in press). Cognitive therapy: A social cognitive perspective. In L. Y. Abram-son (Ed.), Social-personal inferences in clinical psychology. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D., & Kendall, P. C. (1980). Cognitive self-statemetns in depression: Development of an automatic thoughts questionnaire. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 4, 383–395.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D., & Kriss, M. R. (1984). Cognitive factors in clinical research and practice. Clinical Psychology Review, 4, 38–78.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hollon, S. D., Tuason, V. B., Wiemer, M. J., DeRubeis, R. J., Evans, M. D., & Garvey, M. J. (1983). Combined cognitive-pharmacotherapy versus cognitive therapy alone and pharmacotherapy alone in the treatment of depressed outpatients: Differential treatment outcome in the CPT project. Unpublished manuscript, University of Minnesota/St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, Minneapolis-St. Paul.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kahneman, D., Slovic, P., & Tversky, A. (Eds.). (1982). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kovacs, M., Rush, A. T., Beck, A. T., & Hollon, S. D. (1981). Depressed outpatients treated with cognitive therapy or pharmacotherapy: A one-year follow-up. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 33–39.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Lehmann, H. E. (1959). Psychiatric concepts of depression: Nomenclature and classification. Canadian Psychiatric Association Journal Supplement, 4, 51–512.

    Google Scholar 

  • Leonhard, K. (1959). Aufteilung der endogenen Psychosen. Berlin: Akademie Verlag.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewinsohn, P. M. (1974). Clinical and theoretical aspects of depression. In K. S. Calhoun, H. E. Adams, & K. M. Mitchell (Eds.), Innovative treatment methods in psychopathology. New York: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewinsohn, P. M., Biglan, A., & Zeiss, A. M. (1976). Behavioral treatment of depression. In P. O. Davidson (Ed.), The behavioral management of anxiety, depression, and pain. New York: Brunner/Mazel, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lewinsohn, P. M., Munoz, R. F., Youngren, M. A., & Zeiss, A. M. (1978). Control your depression. Engle-wood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lubin, B. (1965). Adjective checklists for measurement of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, 57–62.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Marlatt, G. A., & Gordon, J. R. (in press). Relapse prevention: Maintenance strategies for addictive behavior change. New York: Guilford Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mendels, J., & Cochrane, C. (1968). The nosology of depression: The endogenous-reactive concept. American Journal of Psychiatry, 124(Suppl. 11), 1–11.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Murphy, G. E., Simons, A. D., Wetzel, R. D., & Lustman, P. J. (1984). Cognitive therapy and pharma-cotherapy, singly and together, in the treatment of depression. Archives of General Psychiatry, 44, 33–41.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nisbett, R. E., & Ross, L. (1980). Human inference: Strategies and shortcomings of social judgment. Engle-wood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Perris, C. (1966). A study of bipolar (manic-depressive) and unipolar recurrent depressive psychoses. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavia, 42(Suppl. 194), 1–189.

    Google Scholar 

  • Raskin, A., Schulterbrandt, J. C., Reating, N., & McKeon, J. J. (1970). Differential response to chlor-promazine, imipramine, and placebo: A study of hospitalized depressed patients. Archives of General Psychiatry, 23, 164–174.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rehm, L. P. (1977). A self-control model of depression. Behavior Therapy, 8, 787–804.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Robins, E., & Guze, S. B. (1969). Classification of affective disorders: The primary-secondary, the endogenous-reactive, and the neurotic-psychotic concepts. In T. A. Williams et al. (Eds.), Recent advances in the psychobiology of the depressive illnesses. Chevy Chase, MD: U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare.

    Google Scholar 

  • Robins, L. N., Heizer, J. E., Croughan, J., & Ratcliff, K. S. (1981). National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule: Its history, characteristics, and validity. Archives of General Psychiatry, 38, 381–389.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Rush, A. J., Beck, A. T., Kovacs, M., & Hollon, S. D. (1977). Comparative efficacy of cognitive therapy versus pharmacotherapy in outpatient depressives. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1, 17–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Seligman, M. E. P., Abramson, L. Y., Semmel, A., & von Baeyer, C. (1979). Depressive attributional style.Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 88, 242–247.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, B. F. (1977). Comparison of cognitive therapy and behavior therapy in the treatment of depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 45, 543–551.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Snyder, M. (1981). Seek and ye shall find: Testing hypotheses about other people. In E. T. Higgins, C. P. Herman, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Social cognition: The Ontario Symposium (pp. 277-304). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J., and the NIMH Clinical Research Branch Collaborative Program on the Psychobiology of Depression. (1978). Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia-Lifetime Version (3rd ed.). New York: Psychiatric Institute, Biometrics Research Division.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J., & Robins, E. (1972). Research diagnostic criteria: Rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 773–782.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, F. G., & Marshall, W. L. (1977). Experimental analysis of a cognitive-behavioral therapy for depression. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 1977, 1, 59–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Watkins, J. J., & Rush, A. J. (1983). Cognitive response test. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 7, 425–436.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weissman, A., & Beck, A. T. (1978, November). The Dysfunctional Attitudes Scale: A validation study. Paper presented at the annual meeting of the Associate for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy, Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • Winokur, G. (1970). Genetic findings and methodological considerations in manic-depressive disease. British Journal of Psychiatry, 117, 267–274.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Winokur, G., Clayton, P. J., & Reich, T. (1969). Manic-depressive illness. St. Louis: C. V. Mosby.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zuckerman, M., & Lubin, B. (1965). Manual for the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List. San Diego, CA: Education and Industrial Testing Service.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zung, W. W. K. (1965). A self-rating depression scale. Archives of General Psychiatry, 12, 63–70.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota and St. Paul-Ramsey Medical Center, Minneapolis, Minnesota, 55455, USA

    Steven D. Hollon

  2. Ramsey County Adult Mental Health Center, St. Paul, Minnesota, 55101, USA

    Virginia Jacobson

Authors
  1. Steven D. Hollon
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Virginia Jacobson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennusylvnia, USA

    Michel Hersen

  2. Medical College of Pcnsylvania at EPPI, Philadelphia, Pensylvania, USA

    Alan S. Bellack

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1985 Plenum Press, New York

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Hollon, S.D., Jacobson, V. (1985). Cognitive Approaches. In: Hersen, M., Bellack, A.S. (eds) Handbook of Clinical Behavior Therapy with Adults. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2427-0_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2427-0_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA

  • Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9477-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2427-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation