Abstract
Processing of ceramics from the liquid phase includes glass formation, glass-ceramics, fusion casting of refractories eutectic solidification, and single crystal growth. Ceramics include oxides, borides, carbides, and nitrides. This paper will, however, only discuss oxide single crystal growth as a form of processing. Borides, carbides, and nitrides generally sublime at very high temperatures rather than melt and, therefore, they are not processed from the liquid phase. Oxides can be processed from the liquid phase. The reasons why it is preferable to process them as single crystals if high technology applications are required will be discussed. The paper will also cover the factors that have allowed oxide single crystal growth to go from the laboratory to the factory by covering the modern crystal growth processing techniques. Materials and applications will be covered in the course of discussion.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Janef Thermomechanical Tables, The Dow Chemical Co., Midland, MI, USA March 1964.
A. D. Kirshenbaum, and, J. A. Cahill, The Density of Liquid Aluminum Oxide, J. Inorg. Nucl. Chem., 14: 283. (1960)
J. L. Caslavsky, and D. J. Viechnicki, Melting Behavior and Metastability of Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (YAG) and YAIO3 Determined by Optical Differential Thermal Analysis, J. Matls Sci., 15: 1709. (1980)
A Verneuil, Production Artificielle du Rubis par Fusion, Paris Acad, Sci, Compt. Reed., 135: 791. (1902)
K. Nassau, Dr. A. V. L. Verneuil: The Man and the Method, J. Cryst. Growth, 13 /14: 12. (1972)
J. Czochralski, Ein reues Verfahrer zar Messurg der Kristallistionsgeschurinchigkeit der Metalle., Phys. Chem., 92: 219 (1917)
P. W. Bridgman, Certain Physical Properties of Single Crystals of Tungsten, Antimony, Bismaith, Tellurium, Cadimium, Zinc, and Tin, Proc. Am. Acad.Arts Sci. 60: 305. (1925)
D. C. Stockbarger, Large Single Crystals of Lithium Flouride, Rev. Sci.Inst., 7: 133. (1936)
H. Djevaherdjian, Procede de Fabrication d’ein Corps en Peirre Synthetique, et Installation Pour la Mise en Oeuvre de ce Procede, Swiss Patent No. 354428, July 1961.
W. D. Lawsen, and S. Nielson, Semiconducting Compounds in “The Art and Science of Growing Crystals”, J. J. Gilman, ed. John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, p. 372 (1963).
Ibid, p. 371.
R. Uhrin, and R. F. Belt, “Growth of Large Diameter Nd: YAG Laser Crystals”, Interim Report, 1 April 1980 to 31 March 1981, Contract No. DAAB-07-77-C-0375, Modification P00003, US Army Electronics R&D Command Night Vision and Electro-Optics Laboratory, Ft. Belvoir, VA 22060.
K. H. S. Bagdosarov, The Synthesis of Large Monocrystals of Corundum, in “Ruby and Sapphire”, L. M. Belyayev, ed. Moscow Nauka 1974. English translation by US Army Foreign Science and Technology Center, Charlottesville, VA, 22091, (1975) p. 28.
F. Schmid and D. Viechnicki, Growth of Sapphire Disks from the Melt by a Gradient Furnace Technique, J. American Ceramic Society, 53:528.
D. Viechnicki and F. Schmid, Crystal Growth Using the Heat Exchanger Method (HEM), J. Crystal Growth, 26: 162. (1974)
J. L. Caslavsky and D. Viechnicki, Melt Growth of Nd: Y3 AI5 O12 (Nd:YAG) Using the Heat Exchanger Method (HEM), J. Crystal Growth, 46: 601. (1979)
J. L. Caslavsky and D. J. Viechnicki, Resolution of Factors Responsible for Difficulty in Growing Single Crystals of YAG, AMMRC TR 82-34, US Army Materials and Mechanics Research Center, Watertown, MA 02172, June 1982.
V. I. Aleksandrov, V. V. Osiko, A. M. Prokhorov, and V. M. Tatarintsev, Production of Refractory Single Crystals and Molten Ceramics by a New Method, Vestrik Akad. Nauk. USSR. 12: 29. (1973)
K. Nassau, Cubic Zirconia: an update, Lapidary J. 35: 1194, (1981)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1985 Plenum Press, New York
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Viechnicki, D.J. (1985). Oxide Single Crystal Growth. In: Bruggeman, G., Weiss, V. (eds) Innovations in Materials Processing. Sagamore Army Materials Research Conference Proceedings, vol 30. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2411-9_13
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2411-9_13
Publisher Name: Springer, Boston, MA
Print ISBN: 978-1-4612-9469-6
Online ISBN: 978-1-4613-2411-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive