Abstract
The vast majority of human tumours arise in cells of epithelial origin, probably as a result of exposure to a range of environmental factors, and appear after a multistage sequence of events. Clarification of the molecular events involved in the various stages of tumour development is obviously crucial to the understanding of cancer development and for providing the basis for strategies of prevention or early diagnosis. The use of animal model systems provides a means by which stages of carcinogenesis can be dissected at the molecular level. One such model system, the induction of tumours in mouse skin, has a number of useful properties. First, tumours can be induced by a wide variety of chemical compounds and also by physical stimuli such as X-rays or UV light. Secondly, many of the currently accepted concepts of multistage carcinogenesis have been developed using the mouse skin model (Boutwell, 1974; Hecker et al., 1982). Hence, a wealth of detailed biological information exists relating to this particular system. Thirdly, the development of malignant skin carcinomas is preceded by the appearance of multiple benign papillomas. These premalignant lesions are histologically distinct and provide adequate material for the study of progressive changes which occur at different stages of tumour development.
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Ramsden, M., Quintanilla, M., Balmain, A. (1986). Activation of Ras Oncogenes in Multistage Carcinogenesis of Mouse Skin. In: Clayton, R.M., Truman, D.E.S. (eds) Coordinated Regulation of Gene Expression. Springer, Boston, MA. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-2245-0_10
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